L06: Osteoarthritis And Septic Arthritis Flashcards
What is osteoarthritis
Non inflammatory condition characterised by the destruction of articular cartilage and formation of new bone
What type of joints does osteoarthritis commonly affect
Large joints e.g hip, knee, spine
What are the risk factors for osteoarthritis
Poor posture Obesity Joint intensive sports Occupation Previous injury to a joint Family history Age and gender
What is the presentation of osteoarthritis
Joint pain
Swelling
Stiffness
Only one or 2 joint involved
When is the pain worse in osteoarthritis
On movement and is worse with rest
What are the features of osteoarthritis on large joints on x-ray
Narrowed joint space Subchondral sclerosis Synchondral cysts Osteophytes Intra articular loose bone
What are the features of a small joint osteoarthritis on x-ray
Joint space narrowing Subchondral sclerosis Subchondral cysts Osteophytes Haberdens nodes Bouchard nodes
What is a haberdens nodes
Swelling of DIPJ
What is a Bouchard node
Swelling of PIPJ
What are the differences of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis: Pain worse with exercise Morning stiffness lasts 30-60mins Over the age of 50 Bouchard and haberdens nodes
Rheumatoid arthritis: Pain worse with rest Morning stiffness lasts more than 1 hour Pain improves with movement Age between 20-40 Heberdens nodes is absent due to DIPJ sparing General systemically unwell
What are the x-ray features of ra
Sparing of DIPJ (no haberdens nodes) Peri articular erosions Bone erosion Subluxation Deformity (swan neck and boutonnière) Ulnar deviation
What is the management of osteoarthritis
Conservative: weight loss, exercise, physiotherapy
Pharmacological: analgesia, corticosteroid injection to the joint
Surgical: resurfacing the joint, osteotomy and joint replacement
What is septic arthritis
Infection of a joint caused by pathogen inoculation
How can bacteria enter the joint
Wounds
Surgical incision
Blood stream
Which common organism is likely to cause septic arthritis
Staphylococcus aureus