L 33 Insulin& Hypoglycemics Flashcards by Mac Mac | Brainscape

Q

What is Type 1 Diabetes?

A

absolute deficiency of Insulin

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Q

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

A

Insulin is present

but insufficient to meet metabolic needs

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Q

What are the Sulfonylurea Drugs?

A

Tolbutamide/ Glyburide

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Q

Sulfonylureas MOA?

A

Inc insulin
Inc Insulin sensitivity

Dec Glucagon

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Q

Sulfonylureas SE?

A

Hypoglycemia

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Q

What are Meglitinide Drugs?

A

Repaglinide/ Nateglinide

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Q

Meglitinides MOA?

A

close K+ channels in islet
= Inc Insulin

BEFORE a meal

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Q

How is Meglitinides administered?

A

alone

or

combo w/ Metformin

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Q

What drugs are Biguanides?

A

Metformin

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Q

Metformin MOA?

A

Dec Glucose from liver
Dec Glucose gut absorption

Inc Insulin sensitivity

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Q

Metformin contraindications?

A

renal, liver, heart

Failure

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Q

Metformin SE?

A

diarrhea

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Q

What drugs are Thiazolidinedione?

A

Rosiglitazone/ Pioglitazone

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Q

Thiazolidinedione MOA?

A

PPARy Agonist

Dec Insulin R in peripheral
Inc Glucose transport

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Q

What drugs are a-glucosidase inhibitors?

A

Acarbose
Voglibose
Miglitol

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Q

a-glucosidase (-) MOA?

A

(-) a-glucosidase in gut

Dec. intestinal absorption of starch, dextrin, disaccharides

Q

a-glucosidase (-) SE?

A

flatulence

abdominal bloat

Q

What drugs are Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors?

A

-ptin

Q

Dipeptidyl MOA?

A

(-) DPP-4

Inc incretin GLP-1 in blood

Q

Dipeptidyl Rx? Admin?

A

w/ diet & exercise
alone or w/ Metformin

Admin= oral

Q

Dipeptidyl drug interactions?

A

w/ glimepiride

= Hypoglycemia

Q

Dipeptidyl SE?

A

resp infection
sore throat
muscle pain

Q

What drugs are Glucagon- like peptide agonists?

A

Exenatide

Liraglutide

Q

GLP Agonists MOA?

A

augment glucose- dep. insulin

Dec. Glucagon

Q

GLP Agonist SE?

A

pancreatitis
thyroid c-cell tumor
CV Heart attack

Q

What drug is a SGLT2 (-)?

A

Dapagliflozin

Q

SGLT2 (-) MOA?

A

eliminate glucose in urine

Q

SGLT2 (-) SE?

A

bladder cancer

liver damage

Q

What drugs are Amylin Analogues?

A

Pramlintide

Q

Pramlintide MOA?

A

slows gastric emptying
Inc glucose absorption
Satiety
Suppress glucagon

Q

Amylin analogues Rx?

A

1&2 Diabetes