Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1-KWPEM > KW Trauma > Flashcards

KW Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What are the requirements for clearing Cspine

A

Pt must be awake and very low risk, free of distracting injuries
then:

1)normal cspine films: showing all 7 vertebrae
-ap, ondontoid, lateral views
2) can actively flex, extend, rotate the neck with no sx or signs of spasm guarding or tendernss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the mechanism and radiographic findings of aortic injury?

A

significant deceleration injury, apical cap, widened mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

if you suspect aortic injury from hx and xray what do you do?

A

May need CT angiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what injury to suspect with widening of mediastinum and fx ris

A

hemothorax or pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

extensive soft tissue swelling occuring several hours or days after the injury and commonly associated with skull fracture

A

subgaleal hematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

NAT may result in what type of head probs

A

subdural hematoma, SAH, local or diffuse brain edema.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what’s an absnormal ICP?

A

> 15-20 mm HG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

With an _______ hematoma the blood is on ___ of the dura and the ____ gets pushed down away from the skull creativing a biconcavity. WHile a ________ hematoma occurs between the ____ and arachnoid.

A

epidural
top
dura
subdural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List 1-6

A
  1. caput seccedaneum
  2. subgaleal hematoma
    3.cephalohematoma
    4 cyst ie leptomeningeal
  3. epidural hematoma
  4. subdural hematoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List layers of brain in order (outside in)

A

galea»subgaleal compartment»pericranium»skull»dura»subdural space»arachnoid»pia (both together equal leptomininges»subarachnoid space THEN THE BRAIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

herniation thru c. tonsils down in the Foramen Magnum causes medullary compression and clinical sx

A

bradycardia, resp arrest and death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What part of the brain is hurt in decorticate posturing?

A

white matter, basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What part of the brain is hurt in deceribrate posturing?

A

midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If less than two, what makes you high risk and NEEDS HEAD CT

A

GCS=14, AMS, palp skull fx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If less than two, what makes you low risk and you can OBS vs CT if any single criterion present (0.9% risk of ciTBI)

A

Any

Non-frontal hematoma
Not acting normally per parent
Severe mechanism
Fall >3 ft
MVC with ejection, death of passenger, or rollover
Unhelemeted pedestrian or bicyclist struck by vehicle
Head struck by high impact object
Avoid CT if no criteria present. <0.02% risk ciTB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

High risk criteria: CT recommended if any single criterion present 4.3% risk ciTBI

A

GCS = 14
AMS
Signs of basilar skull fracture

17
Q

Low risk criteria: Observation vs CT recommended if any single criterion present 0.9% risk ciTBI

History of LOC
History of vomiting
Severe headache
Severe mechanism
Fall >5 ft
MVC with ejection, death of passenger, or rollover
Unhelemeted pedestrian or bicyclist struck by vehicle
Head struck by high impact object
Avoid CT if no criteria present. <0.05% risk ciTBI

A

History of LOC
History of vomiting
Severe headache
Severe mechanism
Fall >5 ft
MVC with ejection, death of passenger, or rollover
Unhelemeted pedestrian or bicyclist struck by vehicle
Head struck by high impact object
Avoid CT if no criteria present. <0.05% risk ciTBI

18
Q

If located on the _______ part of the skull, and with a hematoma, and pt is not symptomatic, CT is not needed and pt can be observed at home.

A

FRONT(AL)

19
Q

What is the modest hyperventilation range

A

35-40

20
Q

What does uncal herniation cause?
For example RIGHT

A

IPSILATERAL nonreactive pupil and
CONTRALATERAL hemiperesis

Right blown pupil, left sided hemiparesis

21
Q

Which spinal cord injury + syndrome is this?

Flaccid below level of lesion
absent reflexes
decreased symp tone
autonomic dysfxn (hypotension)
sensation may not be preserved, if absent =total cord transection (poor prog)

A

Spinal shock

22
Q

Diminised or absent UE fxn
Preserved LE fxn
Associated with EXTENSION injuries

A

Central Cord Syndrome

23
Q

Hemisection
Ipsilateral loss of: motor, proprioception
Contralateral loss of sensation: pain temp

A

Brown Sequard

24
Q

COMPLETE motor paralysis
Loss of pain and temp
preservation of position and vibration sesne
associated with severe flexion injury

A

anterior cord syndrome

25
Q

What is a jefferson fx?

A

burst fx of the atlas resulting from axial loading

26
Q

hangman’s fx

A

bilateral pars interarticular fx of C2 2/2 hyperextension with axial loading

27
Q

Name this

C-spine film shows < 4mm of subluxation on C2/C3 and normal spinolaminar alignment

A
28
Q

Most common level of spinal process fx

A

C7

29
Q

When is an emergency thoracotomy needed in response to a hemothorax?

A

if initial drainage is > 10 -15 ml/kg ro 2-4 ml/kg/hr

30
Q

Needle decompression

Insert needle between the ______ and _____ rib aka the 2nd IC space at the __________line fo the affected side. Be sure to go on TOP of the _____ rib.

A

2 and 3rd
midclavicular line
inferior

31
Q

thoracostomy tube placement

For a chest tube insertion, the insertion site is at the ___ or ___ IC space AT OR just ______ to the midaxillary line . Tubes for draining fluids should be placed pointing _____, while those for draining _____ are placed anteriorly.

A
32
Q

What injureis may benefit from an ED thoracotomy

A

penetrating or blunt trauma with detectable vital signs hwo then deteriorate despite max conventional therapy have a better change of survival

33
Q

Hyperflexion of lumbar spine results in solid organ injury and a ____ fracture

A

CHance

34
Q

waddell’s triad, lap belt complex or fall from height?

child is pedestrian, gets a midshaft fx, abdominal injury, head injury

A

waddell

35
Q

waddell’s triad, lap belt complex or fall from height?

restrained kid in MVC results in
BLowout diaphragm injury, duodenal injury, solid organ injury, chance fracture of lumbar spine (bc of hyperflexion)

A

lap belt complex

36
Q

waddell’s triad, lap belt complex or fall from height?

head injury, mult long bone fx, chest wall injury

A

fall from height

37
Q

what is struck first second and third in Waddel’s?

A

Femur–>abdomen–>head (as they fall)

38
Q

What actions/testing should you perform in kids with significant penetrating abd trauma?

A

1) OG or NG tube, Urinary cathetor
2) Upright AP lateral supine upright cross table abd xray
3) ct abd with iv contrast for deep woudns and all GSW

39
Q

IF a kid hits his handlebars, think of this organ being injured?

A

pancreas

1-KWPEM (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions