kura cloud nutrition Flashcards
when patients are not able to eat for themselves, what are the ways to feed them?
Enteral feeding: This relies on delivery of a nutritious fluid past the upper GI tract and into the stomach/small intestine.
Pareneteral feeding: This involves bypassing the GI tract althtogether via delivery of nutrients into the blood.
what is the route of delivery for the type of feeding options?
A tube is placed into GI tract to deliver liquid food.
Specifically named after destination from nose: nasooesophageal, nasogastric, nasoduodenal;
Or destination through percutaneously: oesophagostomy, gastrostomy, jejunostomy
Preferred for most
A micronutrient-rich solution is adminstered slowly directky intro the blood through a venous catheter.
Necessary for some
what type of patient would require the 2 types?
- Upper GI problem, perhaps dysphagia or trauma, that means they cannot chew and swallow food normally.
- Dysfunction GI tract that is unable to digest, absorb or excrete appropriately (e.g. mid-GI blockage)
what is short bowel syndrome, the problems and management?
Short bowel syndrome is characterised by significant removal of the bowel which leaves the patient with less than 100 cm of functional intestinal tract.
Loss of bowel leads to dehydration, malnutrition, and malabsorption of micro- and macronutrients.
Consequences:
reduction in absptive surface area.
Management: Focusses on three aims:
To provide adequate nutrition for patients
To ensure adequate water and electrolytes to maintain homeostasis
Correction and prevention of acid base imbalance
what is alcohol metabolism affected by?
Alcohol is mainly metabolised by three separate pathways.
The metabolism of alcohol is affected by a large number of factors including diet, gender, body-habitus, racial and genetic influences. An appreciation of these factors can lead to a greater understanding of why some individuals are more susceptible to both the acute effects of alcohol and its long-term sequelae.
