kromosomi i geni Flashcards

1
Q

dna je

A

makromolekula i polinukleotid

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2
Q

nukleotid

A

gradivni element nukleonskih kiselina

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3
Q

od cega je graden nukleotid (3)

A

secer
fosfatna skupina
dusicna baza

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4
Q

baza u nukleotidu

A

geneticka informacija

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5
Q

secerne i fosfatne skupine u nukleotidu

A

strukturna uloga

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6
Q

nukleotidi se medusobno spajaju vezom

A

secer-fosfat

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7
Q

secer-fosfat

A

hidroksilna skupina C3 atoma deoksiriboze povezuje se s fosfatom na 5C atomu deoksiriboze sljedeceg nukleotida

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8
Q

A-T

A

dvostruka vodikova veza

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9
Q

G-C

A

trostruka vodikova veza

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10
Q

replikacija dna

A

pucaju vodikove veze između dušičnih baza
replikacija rašlja
svaki lanac je kalup za sintezu novog
novonastale molekule sadže jedan stari jedan novi lanac -> semikonzervativna replikacija

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11
Q

kromosom

A

udvostručena i višestruko spiralizirana dna s bjelancevinama

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12
Q

kromatin ili nukleorotein

A

kompleks dna i bazicnih bjelancevina (histoana)
kromatinsko vlakno

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13
Q

nukleosom

A

osnovna jedinica kromatina
oko 200 nukleotidnih parova molekule dna omotanih oko histona

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14
Q

spiralizacija

A

proces namatanja

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15
Q

tjelesne stanice

A

dvostruki/haploidni broj kromosoma
2n
homologni kromosomi()nose gene za ista svojstva, od majke i oca

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16
Q

spolne stanice

A

jednostruki/diploidni broj kromosoma
n

17
Q

kariotip

A

skup svih kromosoma u jednoj stanici

18
Q

kariogram

A

grafički prikaz kromosoma jedne stanice poredanih po veličini i obliku
autosomi i gonosomi