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Biochemistry > Kreb Cycle > Flashcards

Kreb Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the link between glycolysis and TCA?

A

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH)

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2
Q

Alterane Fates of Pyruvate

(4)

A
  1. Alanine (transamination)
  2. Oxaloacetate (Carboxylation)
  3. Aceytl CoA (Oxidative Decarboxylation)
  4. Lactate (Reduction)
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3
Q

PDH and TCA Cycle occur in what part of the cell?

A

Matrix of Mitochondria

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4
Q

What transports pyruvate to the mitochondrial matrix?

A

Pyruvate translocase

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5
Q

PDH reaction is very complex and?

A

Irreversible

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6
Q

PDH Complex requires 3 enzymes

A
  1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase-E1
  2. Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase-E2
  3. Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase-E3
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7
Q

Two regulatory proteins in PDH

A
  1. Protein Kinase
  2. Protein Phosphatase
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8
Q

PDH Complex requires 5 coenzymes

A

1.TPP-B1
2. FAD-from B2
3. NAD+-B3
4.Lipoid Acid
5. CoASH-derived from B5

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9
Q

PDH enzymes & their co enzymes

A
  1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase-E1-TPP
  2. Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase-E2-Lipioc acid & CoA
  3. Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase-E3-FAD & NAD+

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10
Q

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency results in what?

A

Severe reduction of ATP production

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11
Q

TCA (Krebs Cycle)

Starts with Acetyl-CoA

A
  1. Citrate
  2. Isocitrate
  3. Alpha ketoglutarate
  4. Succinyl CoA
  5. Succinate
  6. Fumarate
  7. Malate
  8. Oxaloacetate

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12
Q

What is the overall yield of TCA?

A

1 TCA cycle revolution produces
3 NADH (1:3)
1 FADH2 (1:2)
1 GTP (1:1)
TOTAL: 12 ATP

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13
Q

What substrates are oxidized to form FADH2 and NADH?
In the Krebs cycle

A

Isocitrate-NADH
Alpha Ketoglutarate-NADH
Succinate-FADH2
Malate-NADH

IAmSoMad

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14
Q

What are the Four Regulated Enzymes in the TCA Cycle

A
  1. Citrate Synthase (NADH)
  2. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADH)
  3. alpha-ketoglutarate (NADH)
  4. Succinate Dehydrogenase (FADH2)
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15
Q

Regulation of Citrate Synthase

A
  1. Activated primarily by substrate availability
  2. Inhibited by ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
  3. Activated by calcium and ADP
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16
Q

Function of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

A
  1. Create a proton gradient across inner mitochondrial membrane
  2. Proton gradient then drives phosphorylation of ADP to ATP
  3. Generate electrical energy by passing electrons to oxygen
17
Q

What are the five complexes of the Electron Transport Chain

A

Complex 1: NADH dehydrogenase complex
Complex 2: Succinate dehydrogenase complex
Complex 3: Cytochrome b and c1
Complex 4: Cytochrome oxidase complex-transported electrons, molecular oxygen and free protons are brought together to produce H20
Complex 5: ATP synthase complex-accepts or donates electrons to mobile carriers like CoQ and Cyt C

Biochemistry (15 decks)

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