Krafts Transfusion medicine

Question 1

What determines blood group?

Answer 1

Antigens on RBC surface

A, B, both A and B, or none (O)

also Rh

Question 2

A person with type A blood has antibodies against:

Answer 2

Type B

Question 3

Universal acceptor?

Answer 3

AB

Question 4

Universal donor?

Answer 4

O

Question 5

Rh factor refers to the ___ antigen.

Answer 5

D

Question 6

What are the 6 blood products?

Answer 6

whole blood

Red cells

platelets

granulocytes

cryoprecipitate

fresh frozen plasma

Question 7

Indications for Whole blood transfusion?

Answer 7

massive hemorrhage

Question 8

Indications for RBC tranfusion?

Answer 8

low Hgb

Question 9

Indication for leukocyte reduced red cells?

Answer 9

they decrease the risk of alloimmunization and allergic reaction

Question 10

Indications for frozen RBCs?

Answer 10

rare blood types

Question 11

Indications for granulocyte transfusion?

Answer 11

sepsis in neutropenic patients

Question 12

Indication for platelets?

Answer 12

bleeding due to thrombocytopenia

Question 13

Indication for FFP?

Answer 13

bleeding due to multiple factor deficiencies

**includes all coag factors

Question 14

Indications for cryoprecipitate?

Answer 14

low fibrinogen, vW diseas, hemophilia A, XIII deficiency

Question 15

Factor VIII indication:

Answer 15

hemophilia A

Question 16

Factor IX indication:

Answer 16

hemophilia B

Question 17

Indication for albumin?

Answer 17

hypovolemia

hypoproteinemia

Question 18

Indication for IvIG?

Answer 18

disease prophylaxis, autoimmune disease, immune deficient states

Question 19

Blood test adding antibodies to patient’s blood?

Answer 19

Forward type

Question 20

Blood test adding patients serum to known cell typed blood?

Answer 20

Reverse type

Question 21

With blood testing how do you know if a test is positive after adding AHG (anti-human globulin)?

Answer 21

agglutination

Question 22

Symptoms of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction:

Answer 22

fever

chest pain

hypotension

Question 23

What causes delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions?

Answer 23

patient has antibodies to non-ABO antigens

**no cytokine storm

Presentation: falling Hgb after transfusion

Question 24

What is the first thing to do if you suspect an acute transfusion reaction?

Answer 24

STOP THE TRANSFUSION

Question 25

How do you treat iron overload?

Answer 25

give iron-chelating agents

**patients with chronic anemias are at greatest risk

Question 26

When donor lymphocytes attack host?

Answer 26

Graft vs. Host disease

Question 27

Infection risk from highest risk to lowest:

Answer 27

Bacterial 1 in 50,000-500,000

Hep B 1 in 300,000

Hep C 1 in 2 million

HIV 1 in 2 million