KQ1 - Challenges faces by Weimar Flashcards
When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
28 June 1919
The terms of the Treaty of Versailles
B - Article 231 war guilt clause.
League of Nations entry denied (pariah) suggested by President Woodrow Wilson. No army only advisor to nations.
Arms were reduced. Conscription banned. 100 000 men only in army. No tanks and heavy military. No airforce. No submarines. Only 6 battleships and 15000 sailors. Rhineland Demilitarised.
Money - reparations set at £6600 million to be paid in money or goods.
Existing land - Germany lost 13% of its land and all territories. Alsace-Lorraine returned to France. Danzig create a Free city. Saar to administered by the LoN.
What was the Germany term for the ‘stabbed in the back’ theory?
Dolchstoss
When was the Sparticists uprising?
6 January 1919
When did the Kapp Putsch seize control of Berlin?
13 March 1920
Who was involved in the Kapp Putsch?
Ehrhardt, leader of the Berlin Freikorps
Wolfgang Kapp, a right-wing politician in Berlin
The reichswehr in Berlin, commanded by General Luttwitz, supported the Putsch.
Why did the Kapp Putsch occur?
In March 1920, Weimar government announced measure to reduce the size of the army and also disband the freikorps.
Where did the Weimar Government glee when the Kapp Putsch seized Berlin?
Moved to Dresden and Stuttgart
Stats to show further political instability in this period?
It is estimated that there were 376 murders in their period 1919-32. No right-wingers sentences to death but 10 left-wingers were.
In 1921, Mathias Erzberger, leader of the Centre party and a signatory of the ToV was assassinated.
In 1922, Walter Rathenau, the foreign minister was also assassinated.
When did the French and Belgium invade the Ruhr?
January 1923
Statistic to show the low value of the mark during hyperinflation.
Hyperinflation reached a peak in November 1923. Prices kept rising with 1 egg costing 80 billion marks.
Describe the events of the evening before the Munich Putsch?
On the being of 8 November 1923, Hitler and 600 Nazis seized the Burgerbräukeller where Gustav von Kahr (leader of the government in Bavaria), von lossow (the army chief) and von Seisser (the police chief) were attending a meeting. Hitler held them at gunpoint and won promised of support. They were allowed to leave the building!
Von Seisser and Von Lossow Changes their minds and organised troops and police to resist Hitler’s planned armed march.
Describe the events of the day of the Munich Putsch?
The Nazis has only 2000 rifles against a well-armed police force. 16 Nazis and 4 policeman were killed. Hitler disappeared but was arrested after 2 days. The same day that the Nazi Party was banned.
When was Hitler’s trial
The trial began in February 1924 and lasted almost a month.
What was Hitler sentence? When?
On 1 April 1924, Hitler was found guilty of treason but the judges treated him leniently and sentenced him to 5 years in prison (the minimum sentence).
Ludendorff was not charged
