Komite Physiology Flashcards
Deficiency of which one causes defective and weak collagen fibers (scurvy)?
A) Vitamin A
B) Thiamine (vitamin B1)
C) Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
D) Vitamin D
E) Vitamin E
C) Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
Which sentence related with liver physiology is not correct?
A) Liver contributes to whole-body metabolism
B) Liver contributes to detoxification
C) Liver contributes to excretion of protein-bound/lipid soluble waste products
D) Liver contributes to the regulation of the blood glucose level
E) Liver contributes to the synthesis of the immunoglobulins
D) Liver contributes to the regulation of the blood glucose level
Which one is the way of heat loss by directly contacting of the body to an object?
A) Radiation
B) Conduction
C) Convection
D) Evaporation
E) Shivering
B) Conduction
Which one below decreases basal metabolic rate?
A) Thyroid Hormone
B) Sleep
C) Testosterone
D) Growth Hormone
E) Fever
B) Sleep
Which sentence related with liver physiology is not correct?
A) Branches of the hepatic vein, hepatic artery, and bile ducts run in parallel in the so-called hepatic triad.
B) Hepatocytes lying closest to hepatic triad are referred D to as periportal, or “zone 1,” and have the greatest supply of oxygen and nutrients.
C) Hepatocytes lying closest to branches of the hepatic vein are referred to as pericentral, or “zone 3.”
D) Zone 1 cells are more sensitive to ischemia.
E) Zone 3 cells are thought to be most active in bile acid synthesis.
D) Zone 1 cells are more sensitive to ischemia
Which one below is a temperature increasing mechanism?
A) Vasodilatation of the blood vessels of the skin
B) Sweating
C) Piloerection
D) inhibition of shivering
E) Evaporation
C) Piloerection
Which one is anorexogenic (decrease feeding)?
A) Neuropeptide Y
B) Ghrelin
C) Agouti-related protein
D) Orexins A and B
E) Leptin
E) Leptin
Which of the following sources of energy is most likely to be used first during a strenuous burst of activity in a typical skeletal muscle fiber?
A) Adenosine triphosphate
B) Anaerobic glycolysis
C) Oxidation of lactate
D) Phosphocreatine
E) Aerobic oxidation of fats
تركيز
A) Adenosine triphosphate
Which one is not a way that extra oxygen consumed after exercise is used for?
A) Reconvert the accumulated lactic acid back to glucose
B) Reconvert AMP or ADP to ATP
C) Re-establish phosphocreatine levels
D) Re-establish the oxygen concentration bound to hemoglobin and myoglobin.
E) Re-establish the tissue triglyceride levels
E) Re-establish the tissue triglyceride levels
The skin of an 80 year old man started to be yellow a few months ago. The jaundice does not go away at all, its intensity is even increasing by time. What is possible diagnosis in this patient?
A) Cancer in the pancreatic head
B) Bile stone in gallbladder
C) Increased hemolysis
D) Kidney stone
E) Cirrhosis
A) Cancer in the pancreatic head
Which one is not correct regarding the body temperature regulation?
A) Aspirin can decrease the body temperature to lower than normal values by inhibiting prostaglandin formation.
B) Flush is sweating heavily due to a decrease in set point of the body temperature at the end of the fever.
C) The body temperature is set to a higher value during fever.
D) Pyrogens are the substances which increase the body temperature.
E) The person has vasoconstriction in skin vessels and shivers during fever because set. point of body temperature is elevated..
A) Aspirin can decrease the body temperature to lower than normal values by inhibiting prostaglandin formation.
By which way the heat is lost most in a person sitting on a chair in room temperature?
A) Evaporation
B) Radiation
C) Conduction to air
D) Conduction to the objects touching to the body parts.
E) Air currents (convection)
B) Radiation
74.
Which one increases food intake?
A) Leptin
B) Ghrelin
C) Insulin
D) Cholecystokinin
E) Glucagon-like peptide
B) Ghrelin
Which one decreases food intake?
A) Neuropeptide Y
B) Agouti-related protein
C) Leptin
D) Orens A and B
E) Cortisol
C) Leptin
Which of the following correctly ranks the daily expenditure of energy in the average person (1 = sleeping metabolic rate; 2= basal metabolic rate; 3 = thermic effect of food)?
A) 1=2>3
B) 1>2>3
C) 2>1>3
D) 2>3>1
E) 3>2>1
C) 2>1>3
Which sentence related with liver physiology is not correct?
A) Cholesterol can be excreted in two forms, either as the native molecule or after its conversion to bile acids.
B) One strategy for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia is to Interrupt the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids.
C) Unconjugated bilirubin, which is water soluble, is secreted Into bile across the apical membrane the hepatocyte.
D) Gallstones are composed predominantly of cholesterol or Ca++ bilirubinate (cholesterol varsus pigment stones, respectively).
E) Crigler-Najjar syndrome Impairs the ability of hepatocytes to conjugate bilirubin.
C) Unconjugated bilirubin, which is water soluble, is secreted Into bile across the apical membrane the hepatocyte.
