Kolbingers

Question 1

Nausea

Answer 1

unpleasant sensation of being about to vomit

Question 2

vomiting

Answer 2

forceful expulsion of gastric contents

Question 3

retching

Answer 3

absence of expulsion of gastric content

Question 4

regurgitation

Answer 4

the return of esophageal contents to the hypopharynx with little effort

Question 5

reflux

Answer 5

heartburn, regurgitation and dysphagia, laryngitis and chronic cough

Question 6

Abdominal pain with vomiting

Answer 6

often an orgaic etiology (cholelithiasis)

Question 7

abdominal distension and tenderness

Answer 7

suggest bowel obstruction

Question 8

vomiting of food eaten several hours earlier

Answer 8

think of possible gastric obstruction

Question 9

heartburn with nausea

Answer 9

GERD

Question 10

Early AM vomiting

Answer 10

pregnancy

Question 11

Neurogenic vomiting

Answer 11

may be positional or projectile

Question 12

Cullen’s sign

Answer 12

• sign of subcutaneous intraperitoneal bleed, usually from acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis

Question 13

Grey Turner’s sign

Answer 13

• Bilateral reddish-purplish discooration of the flanks
  
  • indicates hemorrhagic pancreatitis

Question 14

Kehr sign

Answer 14

abdominal pain radiating to the left shoulder

• classic for pain associated with an insult to the spleen

Question 15

costovertebral angle tenderness (lloyd’s sign)

Answer 15

• pain is usually in the region of thhe 12th rib
• • caused by kidney problems

Question 16

peritoneal signs

Answer 16

• obturator, ilipasoas, rebound, heel jar test, rovsing’s sign

Question 17

Ulcerative Colitis

Answer 17

• recurring episodes of inflammation limited to the mucosal layer of the colon
• Diarrhea with blood, frequent small bowel movements, colicky abdominal pain, urgency, tenesmus and incontinence
• Patient may have systemic symptoms
  
  • fever, fatigue, wieght loss (late), dyspnea due to anemia
• Attacks of blood diarrhea that may last for weeks to months

Question 18

Crohn’s disease

Answer 18

• Transmural inflammation of the GI tract
  
  • 80% of patients have small bowel involvement
• Fatigue (more pronouced), prolonged diarrhea with abdominal pain, weight loss, fever, with or without gross bleeding
• Crampy abdominal pain, diarrhea fluctuates over time WITHOUT BLEEDING,
• FIBROTIC STRICTURES (small bowel obstructions)

Question 19

Nociceptive pain

Answer 19

origininating in damaged tissues outside the nervous system (visceral pain)

Question 20

neuropathic pain

Answer 20

from abnormal nerual activity