Knowledge Checks - Chapter 8 Flashcards
The limits that are calculated on a statistical process control chart are the __ limits, whereas the limits that are set by the customer are called the __ limits
control, specification
A comparison of project activities against a known standard is called __
benchmarking
Weighing the cost of implementing quality against the benefit it will deliver for the project is called a __ __ __
cost-benefit analysis
The tool that is used to test multiple factors simultaneously is called __ __ __
deign of experiments
__ is the lowest cost of quality, while __ is the highest cost of quality
prevention, internal
The tipping point where benefits or revenues received from improving quality equals the cost to achieve that quality is called a __ __
marginal analysis
A process that establishes a financial measure of the user dissatisfaction with a product’s performance, as it deviates from a target value, is described in Taguchi’s __ __
loss function
Fitness for use’ was a concept pioneered by __ __
Joseph Juran
The five levels of the CMMI are in order; __, __, __, __, __
Initial, managed, defined, quantitatively managed, optimized
The amount of inventory carried in a __ __ __ process is typically zero
just-in-time (JIT)
Six Sigma represents an accuracy of __ %
99.9999%
Continuous, incremental improvement in a product or process is called __ in Japan
Kaizan
Deming observed that at least __ % of the cost of quality (or poor quality) is management’s responsibility
85%
__ __ states that the probability of one event occurring does not affect the probability of another event occurring
statistical independence
The key output of the Plan Quality process is the __ __ __
quality management plan
A product that is not particularly attractive but meets your quality criteria for fitness for use can be described as __ __, but high quality
low grade
The key output of Perform Quality Assurance is __ __
change requests
Data that you can perform mathematical computations is called __ or __, whereas data that describes a label or a pass/fail scenario is described as __ or __ data
variable or continuous, attribute or discrete
The quality pioneer that promoted the idea of zero defects was __ __
Philip Crosby
Kaoru Ishikawa created a diagram used to ferret out root causes of problems that was called the __ __ __ diagram
cause and effect
The __ __ is used to determine if the data in an SPC chart is out of control, even though the data points are within the control limits of the chart
zone test
The __ chart is used to identify critical issues in descending order of frequency
Pareto
To determine if a change in ‘X’ corresponds to a change in ‘Y’, the chart that best displays this correlation is the __ __
scatter diagram
__ __ means that two events cannot occur in a single trial
mutual exclusivity
The key output of Perform Quality Control is __ __
validated deliverables
