Knowledge

Question 1

Prototype Approach

Answer 1

membership in a category is determined by comparing the object to a typical member or average representation of a member of the category.

Question 2

Exemplar Approach

Answer 2

membership in a category is determined by many examples of actual members of a category that the person has encountered in the past.

Question 3

Semantic Network Approach

Answer 3

The idea that concepts are represented by a complex arrangement of interconnected nodes that define the relationship between properties, exemplars, relationships, subsets, and supersets. (Collins and Quillian’s network)

Question 4

Connectionist Approach

Answer 4

The idea that concepts can be represented by a network of interconnected units that make population codes. Information is transferred by passing through the connections from unit to unit.

Question 5

Graceful degradation

Answer 5

disruption of performance occurs only gradually as parts of the system are damaged.

Question 6

Semantic category approach

Answer 6

there are specific neural circuits in the brain for some specific categories.

Question 7

Connection weight

Answer 7

determines how signals sent from one unit either decrease or increase the activity of the next unit.

Question 8

Sensory-Functional hypothesis

Answer 8

The ability to differentiate living things and artifacts depends on a semantic memory system that distinguishes sensory attributes and a system that distinguishes function.

Question 9

Multiple factor approach

Answer 9

Describing how concepts are represented in the brain by searching for multiple factors that determine how concepts are divided up within a category.

Question 10

Embodied cognition approach

Answer 10

Our knowledge of concepts is based on reactivation of sensory and motor processes that occur when we interact with the object.