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PT Eval Finals > Knee Region > Flashcards

Knee Region Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint?

A

Modified Hinge Joint

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2
Q

How many DOF does the knee joint have?

A

2 DOF (Flexion, Extension)

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3
Q

OPP of Knee Joint

A

25 degrees Flexion

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4
Q

CPP of Knee Joint

A

Extension with ER of Tibia

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5
Q

What type of joint is the patella?

A

Modified Plane Joint

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6
Q

Functions of the Patella

A

Increases quad leverage
Protects the anterior portion of femur
Provides gliding mech for quads

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7
Q

Facets of the Patella

A

Base
Apex
Medial
Lateral
Odd

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8
Q

Patellar loading during walking

A

0.3 x BW

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9
Q

Patellar loading during climbing the stairs

A

2.5 x BW

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10
Q

Patellar loading during descending stairs

A

3.5 x BW

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11
Q

Patellar loading during squats

A

7 x BW

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12
Q

What is the screw home mechanism during OKC

A

During last 20 degrees of ext, Tibia will ER over Femur (OKTER)

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13
Q

What is the screw home mechanism during CKC?

A

During last 20 degrees of ext, Femur will IR over the Tibia (CKFIR)

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14
Q

What is attached to the Medial Meniscus?

A

ACL, MCL, and Semimem

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15
Q

What is attached to the Lateral Meniscus?

A

PCL and Popliteus

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16
Q

The functions of cruciate ligaments

A

Anteroposterior and rotary stabilizers

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17
Q

OI of ACL

A

O: Ant. Spine of Intercondylar Eminence
I: Lateral Femoral Condyle

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18
Q

OI of PCL

A

O: Post Spine of Intercondylar Eminence
I: Medial Femoral Condyle

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19
Q

Orientation of ACL

A

Posterior, Lateral, Superior (PLS)

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20
Q

Orientation of PCL

A

Superior, Anterior, Medial (SAM)

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21
Q

Primary and Secondary Restraints of Anterior Translation

A

Primary: ACL
Secondary: MCL and LCL

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22
Q

Primary and Secondary Restraints of Posterior Translation

A

Primary: PCL
Secondary: MCL and LCL

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23
Q

Primary and Secondary Restraints of Valgus Force

A

Primary: MCL
Secondary: ACL and PCL

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24
Q

Primary and Secondary Restraints of Varus Force

A

Primary: LCL
Secondary: ACL and PCL

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25
Q

Genu Varum measurement

A

2 or more fingers can fit between the knees when ankles are together
4 cm or 1.6 inches

26
Q

Genu Valgum measurement

A

Knees touch and ankles do not
9 -10 cm or 3.5 to 4 in

27
Q

Genu Recurvatum

A

Hyperextended knee

28
Q

Lower patella

A

Patella Baja

29
Q

Higher Patella

A

Patella Alta

30
Q

Normal ROM for Knee flexion

A

0-135 degrees

31
Q

Normal ROM for Knee extension

A

0-15 degrees

32
Q

Normal ROM for IR of Tibia on Femur

A

0-20 to 30 degrees

33
Q

Normal ROM for ER of Tibian on Femur

A

0-30 to 40 degrees

34
Q

Affected Structures During Abduction Test (Knee Extended)

A

MCL
ACL
PCL
POL
PMC
Semimembranosus
Medial Quad Expansion

35
Q

Affected Structures During Abduction Test (20-30 degrees flexion)

A

MCL
PCL
POL
PMC

36
Q

Affected Structures During Adduction Test (Knee Extended)

A

LCL
ACL
PCL
PLC
ITB
Lat Gastrocnemius
Arcuate-Popliteus Complex
Biceps Fem Tendon

37
Q

Affected Structures During Adduction Test (20-30 degrees flexion)

A

LCL
PLC
ITB
Biceps Fem Tendon
Arcuate-Popliteus complex

38
Q

What do you call an audible snap or palpable jerk during pulling the tibia forward in Drawer’s sign?

A

Finochietto Jumping Sign

39
Q

Tests for One Plane Anterior Instability

A

Active Drawer Test
Drawer Test

40
Q

Tests for One Plane Medial Instability

A

Abduction (Valgus Stress Test)

41
Q

Tests for One Plane Lateral Instability

A

Adduction (Varus Stress) Test

42
Q

Functions of Meniscus

A

Lubrication
Shock absorption
Deepens tibial plateau

43
Q

Medial Meniscus

A

Deeper
Less mobile
Prone to injury
Crescent-shaped
Attached to ACL, MCL, Semimem

44
Q

Lateral Meniscus

A

Shallow
More mobile
O-shaped
Attached to PCL and popliteus

45
Q

Valgus/Varus contact without rotation

A

Collateral ligament
Patellar dislocation/subluxation

46
Q

Valgus/Varus contact with rotation

A

Collateral & Cruciates
Meniscus tear

47
Q

Blow to tibial tubercle, or fall on flexed knee, foot plantar flexed

A

PCL injury

48
Q

Hyperextended knee with foot planted

A

PCL Injury

49
Q

Contact hyperextension

A

ACL injury
ACL and PCL

50
Q

Non-contact hyperextension

51
Q

Non-contact deceleration

52
Q

Non-contact deceleration with Tibia in IR

53
Q

Turning away with tibia in opposite direction

A

Patellar dislocation

54
Q

Compressive rotation

55
Q

Hyperflexion

A

Meniscus
ACL

56
Q

Forced medial rotation

A

Lateral meniscus

57
Q

Forced lateral rotation

A

Medial meniscus
MCL and PCL (possibly)
Patellar dislocation

58
Q

Dashboard injury

A

Isolated PCL
PCL and Posterior Capsule

59
Q

Genu Varum

A

Bowlegs
4 cm (1.6 in) between the knees when ankles are together

60
Q

Genu Valgum

A

Knock-knees
Knees touch and ankles do not
9-10 cm (3.5-4 in) in between the ankles

PT Eval Finals (8 decks)

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