Knee Conditions Flashcards
Single or Rotary Instability of Knee Ligament Injury
- ACL laxity = SP ant instability
- PCL laxity = SP post intability
- ACL & MCL = antero-medial rotary instability
- ACL & LCL = antero-lateral rotary instability
- PCL & MCL = postero-medial rotary instability PCL & LCL = postero-lateral rotary instability
Classification of Ligament Injury
- 1st deg = little or no instability
- 2nd deg = minimal to moderate instability
- 3rd deg = extreme instability
“Unhappy Triad”
- Injury of the ACL, MCL and medial meniscus
- resulting from a combo of valgum, flexion and ER forces applied to the knee when the foot is planted
knee ligament injury dx
- MRI, though very difficult to read and often misread as slightly torn or normal
- (+) special tests for knee per ligament
knee ligament injury and PT
- reduction of pain and inflammation
- post op - CPM
- Correction of ms imbalances
- Address biomechanical faults
- Coordination
- Progression to funx training
Meniscal Injuries
- result from combo - tibiofemoral flex, compression, and rotation (abnormal shearing forces)
- Symptoms:
- lat/med jt pain
- effusion
- joint popping
- knee giving way during walking
- limitation in flexibility of knee and
- joint locking
Meniscal Injuries Dx
- MRI, though not always sensitive enough to confirm tear
- (+) mcmurrays
- (+) Apley test
Meniscal Injuries and PT
- reduction of pain and inflammation
- Correction of ms imbalances
- Address biomechanical faults
- Coordination Progression to funx training
Abnormal Patella Positions
- Patella alta = glides superiorly - camel back sign
- Patella baja = tracks inferior - restricted knee EXT & DJD
- Lateral = w/ increased Q angle
Abnormal Patella Positions Dx
plain film imaging - sunrise view
Abnormal Patella Positions and PT
- regain funx strength of structures around the knee particularly VMO and flexibility of ITB and hamstrings,
- orthosis if appropriate and
- patellar bracing/taping
PFPS
- common dysfunction that occurs on its own or in conjunction.
- Trauma, congenital, chondromalacia or patellar tendonitis
- Results in abnormal patellar tracking
PFPS Dx
possible MRI to rule out other issues
PFPS Meds
NSAIDs and acetaminophen
PFPS and PT
- McConnel Taping is helpful to inhibit p! during rehab
- Patella Mobs
- Correct ms imbalance
- biomechanical faults
Patellar Tendonosis/Tedonopathy
- degenerative condition of the patellar tendon
- typically of the deep aspect of the tendon
- may be related to overload and/or jumping activities or PFPS
Patellar Tendonosis/Tedonopathy Dx
clinical exam
Patellar Tendonosis/Tedonopathy Meds
Acetaminophen and NSAIDS
Corticosteriod injection or by mouth
Patellar Tendonosis/Tedonopathy and PT
- Flexibility exercise to improve ROM
- Manual Therapy
- Endurance and strengthening
- Aerobic activity thermal agents for p! reduction
- Functional retraining
Pes Anserine Bursitis
Often overuse or contusion and should be differentiated from tendonitis
Sartorius, Gracilis, Semitendinosis
Pes Anserine Bursitis Dx
- clinical exam and differentiated from contractile condition via AROM, PROM and resistive tests
Pes Anserine Bursitis Medications
Acetaminophen and NSAIDS
Corticosteriod injection or by mouth
Pes Anserine Bursitis and PT
- Flexibility exercise to improve ROM
- Manual Therapy
- Endurance and strengthening
- Aerobic activity thermal agents for p! reduction
- Functional retraining
Fx of Knee Joint: Femoral Condyle
- MOI: fall w/ knee subjected to shearing force
- Med condyle most often involved 2nd anatomy
- Etiological factors: trauma, shearing, impacting, and avulsion forces
