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Musculoskeletal Injuries > Knee Assessment and Pathology > Flashcards

Knee Assessment and Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What is patella tracking?

A

The force of the quads and the force on the tibia tendon causes the patella to want to shift laterally

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2
Q

When happens at the knee when kicking a ball?

A

Anterior roll and anterior slide

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3
Q

What happens at the knee when standing up?

A

Anterior roll and posterior slide

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4
Q

What happens to the tibia during knee extension?

A

Anterior translation, ACL taut

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5
Q

What happens to the tibia during knee flexion?

A

Posterior translation, PCL taut

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6
Q

What is the screw home mechanism?

A

Occurs at the end of knee extension, and between full extension and 20 degrees of knee flexion

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7
Q

What muscles are involved in medial rotation of the knee?

A

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus

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8
Q

What muscle is involved in lateral rotation of the knee?

A

Biceps femoris

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of an ACL injury?

A
  • Anterior tibial translation, knee hyperextension, knee external rotation and valgus
  • Landing with valgus knee
  • Change in direction with fixed foot and external rotation
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10
Q

What is the mechanism of a PCL injury?

A

Impact of anterior tibia with flexed knee

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of an MCL injury?

A

Direct valgus force via contact, or with an ACL injury

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12
Q

Does a grade II MCL tear require surgery?

A

Not necessarily, mainly grade III

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of an LCL injury?

A

Varus force from direct contact or severe hyperextension

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of a meniscus tear?

A

Twisting with foot fixed, greater with knee flexion

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15
Q

What are common signs of a patella tendinopathy?

A

Dull ache following high impact, pain during eccentric loading

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16
Q

What typically occurs in females with patellofemoral pain syndrome?

A

Weak hip muscles, weak thigh muscles, tracking of knee cap when bending

17
Q

What is Osgood-Schlatter disease?

A

Non-articular osteochondritis, softening of avulsion of growth plate resulting in a hardening on the tibial tuberosity
Occurs during childhood

18
Q

What is Iliotibial band syndrome?

A

Compression of fat pad that causes the pain. Occurs as the knee flexes to 30 degrees and the ITB moves posterior to the lateral femoral condyle. When it extends it moves posterior

19
Q

What are typical signs of knee osteoarthritis?

A

Pain with compressive loading, restricted ROM, reduced knee extension strength

Musculoskeletal Injuries (14 decks)

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