Arm pathology and assessment

Question 1

What joints are the 
Elbow
Superior radioulnar
Inferior radioulnar
Radiocarpal

Answer 1

Elbow - hinge
SRU - pivot, synovial
IRU - pivot, synovial
RC - ellipsoid

Question 2

What is a spurt and shunt muscle?

Answer 2

Spurt = distal attachment acts on the joint
Shunt = proximal attachment acts on the joint

Question 3

True or false, hammer curls has the most brachioradialis activation?

Answer 3

True!

Question 4

True or false, neutral wrist produces the most grip strength?

Answer 4

False! Slight extension

Question 5

True or false, the brachialis is active in all variations of bicep curls?

Answer 5

True! The biceps brachii reduces activation the more pronated it gets

Question 6

If a patient reports pain over the lateral elbow during gripping, what could it be?

Answer 6

Lateral epicondylitis

Question 7

If a patient reports pain over medial elbow during wrist flexion and pronation, what could it be?

Answer 7

Medial epicondylitis

Question 8

If a patient reports pain during writing in the thumb, what could it be?

Answer 8

De Quervain’s syndrome

Question 9

If a patient reports numbness in tingling in the 1st three fingers, what could it be?

Answer 9

Carpal tunnel

Question 10

If a patient reports pain in hand after falling on their hand with wrist in hyperextension, what could it be?

Answer 10

Scaphoid fracture

Question 11

What are subjective signs of lateral epicondylalgia?

Answer 11

Localised pain on lateral epicondyle, pain with gripping or twisting, pain with end range of motion elbow flexion and extension

Question 12

What are objective signs of lateral epicondylalgia?

Answer 12

Reduced elbow flex or ext, pain with resisted wrist and digit extension, pain with wrist supination, reduced grip strength

Question 13

What are subjective signs of medial epicondylalgia?

Answer 13

Pain on medial epicondyle, pain with gripping, end range elbow movements hard, pins and needs along ulnar nerve

Question 14

What are objective signs of medial epicondylalgia?

Answer 14

Elbow extension restricted, pain with grip strength, poor pronator endurance

Question 15

What are subjective signs of De Quervains?

Answer 15

Pain and swelling over radial side, pain with thumb flexion, pain with gripping

Question 16

What are objective signs of De Quervains?

Answer 16

Pain and restricted wrist flexion and ulnar deviation, positive Finkelsteins, pain on radial styloid

Question 17

What are subjective signs of Carpal tunnel?

Answer 17

Pain in hand at night, pins and needles, reduced grip strength

Question 18

What are objective signs of Carpal tunnel?

Answer 18

Wrist flexion painful, wrist extension limited, reduced grip strength, positive Phalen’s and Tinel’s. Thenar atrophy

Question 19

What is normal elbow flexion and hyperext ROM?

Answer 19

Flx = 0-145
Hyperext = 0-10

Question 20

What is normal wrist flx and ext?

Answer 20

Flx = 0-90
Ext = 0-60

Question 21

How much supination do you typically need for ADL’s?

Answer 21

40 degrees

Question 22

How much elbow flexion do you typically need for ADL’s?

Answer 22

30-140