Knee, Ankle, Foot Flashcards
Q Angle
Normal= 15 degree
Difference measured by creating one straight line from ASIS to center of patella and another straight line through tibial tuberosity and center of patella
Knee Flexion (ROM and Muscles involved)
145-150
Biceps femoris
Knee Extension (ROM and Muscles involved)
0
Rectus femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius
Internal and external rotation of tibia on femur
10
Patella nerve root
L4 nerve root
Valgus test
pt supine with knee flexed to 30. Physician supports lower leg with one hand and places other hand on lateral aspect of knee. Apply medial force to proximal tibia while abducting leg.
+ test= Increased laxity, pain
Indication: medial collateral ligament
Vargus test
Pt supine with knee flexed to 30. Physician supports low leg and places other on medial aspect of pt knee. Apply lateral force to proximal tibia while adducting low leg.
+ test= increased laxity, pain
Indicates: lateral collateral ligament.
Anterior Drawer Test
Pt supine with knee flexed to 90. Examiner sits on pt foot and grasp tibia with both hands. Pull tibia anteriorly.
+ test: Excessive translation
Indicates: ACL injury/tear
Lachman’s test
Pt supine. Place hand on distal high superior to patella. Grasp proximal tibia. Flexing knee 10-30. Pull tibia anteriorly.
+ test= increased laxity, soft end point.
Indicates: PCL insufficiency
McMurray’s test
Pt is supine, hip and knee flexed.
Lateral meniscus: examiner rotates the tibia into internal rotation and applies various stress. then put leg into extension.
Medial meniscus: examiner rotates tibia into external rotation and applies values stress then puts leg into extension.
+ test= pain or palpable click
Indicates: possible medial or lateral meniscus tear
Apley’s grind test- compression
pt prone with knee flexed to 90. Put downward force on foot and rotate foot internally and externally.
+ test= paint with rotation or compression
indicates: possible meniscal injury, collateral ligament injury
Apley’s Grind test- distraction test
Pt same position as compression. Examiner stabilizes thigh, then applies upward traction to leg while rotating it.
+ test= pain with distraction and rotation. Increased ligaments strain.
Indicates: possible collateral ligament damage.
+ test= relief from pain with distraction and rotation. Reduced meniscal pressure.
Indicates: possible meniscus injury
Patella-femoral grinding test
Compress patella caudally into trochlear groove and instruct pt to tighten quadriceps against resistance.
+ test= crepitus or pain
Indicates: roughness of articulating surfaces
Which way does the fibular head move with foot pronation
anteriorly.
