Knee Ankle Foot

Question 1

Genu Varus

Answer 1

Bow legs

Rickets, skeletal dysplasia, neoplasia

Question 2

Genu Valgum

Answer 2

Knock knees

Increase femoral anteversion
More common in female than male

Obese children can develop this

Question 3

ACL tear/injury

Answer 3

Female>Male

Injury with popping sounds with subsequent pain and swelling at knee, feels instability

+Anterior drawer and lachman’s

Question 4

PCL tear/injury

Answer 4

Uncommon bc it is the largest and strongest of knee ligaments

Usually occurs with combination of other bulk ligament injury

Question 5

MCL injury

Answer 5

Most common ligament injury

+ Valgus test with knee at 0 and 30 deg flexion

Question 6

LCL injury

Answer 6

Least common injury

Blow to medial or anteromedial aspect of leg with resulting lateral or posterolateral knee pain

Swelling, locking, and knee giving out under stress

+ Varus test with leg at full extension and 30 deg

Question 7

Meniscal injury

Answer 7

Joint line tenderness, joint effusion/swelling, catching, pain with certain movements, inability to squat/kneel

+ McMurray, Apley Grind

Question 8

Osgood Schlatter

Answer 8

Osteochondritis of tibial tubercle

Caused by repetitive strain and tearing of the secondary ossification center on the tibial tubercle, forms a callous that appears as a swelling on the tibial tubercle

Question 9

Ottawa Knee rule and Pittsburgh rule are both

Answer 9

Sensitive

Question 10

Plantar Fasciitis

Answer 10

Plantar or calcaneal pain on walking or hard surfaces
Pain with first steps in the morning or after period of inactivity
Pain with passive dorsiflexion

Question 11

Morton Neuroma

Answer 11

Pain b/w the metatarsal heads from the plantar digital nerve, most commonly affecting the 3rd web space

+ Mulder’s sign, clicking sensation

Question 12

Gout

Answer 12

Swollen erythematous tender joint on exam

High serum uric acid levels