Cardiac Cycle/Sounds

Question 1

Systolic BP

Answer 1

Pressure exerted upon the artery during heart contraction

Question 2

Diastolic BP

Answer 2

Pressure exerted upon the artery wall during heart rest

Question 3

S1 heart sound

Answer 3

Closure of AV valves

Question 4

S2 heart sound

Answer 4

Closure of semiluar valves

Question 5

S3 heart sound

Answer 5

Blood filling the relaxed/empty ventricle

Normal in kids

Question 6

S4 heart sound

Answer 6

Atrial filling from high pressure from SVC/IVC

Question 7

Regurgitation murmur

Answer 7

Turbulent flow sound when blood is moving in the opposite direction from what it should

Question 8

Stenotic murmur

Answer 8

Turbulent flow when blood is moving through a stiff, damaged valve

Question 9

Auscultation location of the Aortic valve

Answer 9

R 2nd ICS

Question 10

Auscultation location of the Pulmonic valve

Answer 10

L 2nd ICS

Question 11

Auscultation location of the Tricuspid valve

Answer 11

L 4th ICS

Question 12

Auscultation location of the mitral/bicuspid valve

Answer 12

L 5th ICS mid clavicular line

Question 13

Grade 1 heart murmur

Answer 13

Soft murmur heard in quiet surroundings

Question 14

Grade 2 heart murmur

Answer 14

Soft murmur heard in noisy surroundings

Question 15

Grade 3 heart murmur

Answer 15

Prominent heard murmur

Question 16

Grade 4 heart murmur

Answer 16

Loud murmur with thrill

Question 17

Grade 5 heart murmur

Answer 17

Loud murmur heard with edge of the stethoscope tilted against the chest + thrill

Question 18

Grade 6 heart murmur

Answer 18

Loud murmur heard 5-10 mm from the chest + thrill

Question 19

Murmurs heard in ventricular systole

Answer 19

Aortic/Pulmonic stenosis

Question 20

Murmurs heard in aortic systole

Answer 20

Tricuspid/Mitral stenosis

Question 21

R sided murmurs are heard louder in ____

Answer 21

Inspiration

Question 22

L sided murmurs are heard louder in ____

Answer 22

Expiration

Question 23

HOCM

Answer 23

Increase in preload improves aortic murmur by pushing septum away from aortic outflow tract allowing blood to be ejected more easily

Decrease in preload causes worsening aortic murmur d/t less blood to push the outflow tract open, obstructing and disrupting the blood flow

Question 24

MVP

Answer 24

Leaflets of mitral valve prolapse into the L atria under normal pressure and blood flow

Increase in preload improves the “mid-systolic click” heard with MVP by allowing the prolased leaflets to return to their normal orientation