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MSK LQ > Knee Anatomy & Biomechanics > Flashcards

Knee Anatomy & Biomechanics Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: the knee is one of the most injured joints in the body

A

T

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2
Q

what are the 3 categories of knee injuries?

A

sprain, strains, tendinopathies
contusions
meniscal or ligamentous

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3
Q

which femoral condyle is longer? what does this cause?

A

medial
valgus (slight)

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4
Q

which tibial plateau is smaller and more mobile?

A

lateral

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5
Q

the patello-femoral joint is dependent on BOTH ______ and ____ restraints for function and stability

A

dynamic and static

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6
Q

the patella is embedded in the ____ tendon

A

quad

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7
Q

which meniscus is more tightly bound and C shaped?

A

medial

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8
Q

which meniscus is O shaped and more mobile?

A

lateral

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9
Q

purpose of menisci?

A

stability
shock absorption
lubrication

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10
Q

what portion of the menisci are innervation and have blood supply?

A

outer 1/3
anterior and posterior horns

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11
Q

which ligaments are inside the capsule and which are outside?

A

inside - ACL & PCL
outside - MCL & LCL

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12
Q

which ACL bundle is taut in flexion? extension?

A

flexion - anteromedial
extension - posterolateral

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13
Q

what are the main motions checked by the ACL?

A

anterior tibial translation
posterior femoral translation
TIBIAL IR (valgus moment)

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14
Q

most of the PCL is taut in _____

A

flexion

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15
Q

what are the main motions checked by the PCL?

A

posterior tibial translation
anterior femoral translation
TIBIAL IR
secondary for varus/valgus forces

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16
Q

if the PCL is injured, pt will lose motion!!! about _____ deg

A

15

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17
Q

T/F: the MCL has good blood supply

A

T

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18
Q

which position isolates the MCL?

A

25-30 deg knee flexion

19
Q

what motions does the MCL resist?

A

valgus stress
tibial ER
anterior tibial translation

20
Q

which mm does the LCL blend with?

A

biceps femoris

21
Q

what motions does the LCL check?

A

varus stress, esp. at 35 deg flexion
tibial ER

22
Q

what is in the posterior acuate complex/posterior corner?

A

arcuate ligament
LCL
popliteus tendon

23
Q

which bursa of the knee has a fat pad that can restrict motion when swollen?

A

infrapatellar

24
Q

what is a plica?

A

loose synovial fold from fetal development

25
Q

which plica tends to be the most symptomatic?

A

medial patellar plica
(quads turn off and patella gets stuck when it’s swollen)

26
Q

what is the roll and glide during a squat? (tibiofemoral joint)

A

roll posterior
glide anterior

27
Q

what is the roll and glide during kicking a ball? (tibiofemoral joint)

A

roll and glide anterior

28
Q

what is open pack position of the tibiofemoral joint?

A

25 deg flexion

29
Q

what is closed pack position of the tibiofemoral joint?

A

full extension

30
Q

capsular pattern tibiofemoral joint

A

flexion > extension

31
Q

the tibia rotates _____ to unlock the knee

A

IR
(ER to lock)

32
Q

how is the knee unlocked?

A

popliteus produced relative tibial IR

33
Q

what is a normal Q angle?

A

13-18 deg

34
Q

increased Q angle is associated with

A

femoral anteversion
external tibial torsion
laterally displaced tibial tubercle
genu valgum

35
Q

genu valgum is associated with

A

coxa varum
foot pronation

36
Q

open pack position of the patello-femoral joint

A

full knee extension

37
Q

closed pack position of the patello-femoral joint

A

full knee flexion

38
Q

as the knee extensions, the patella moves _____

A

superiorly

39
Q

causes of lateral patellar subluxation

A

VL stronger VM
shortened lateral patellar retinaculum
short ITB
flat lateral intercondylar groove

40
Q

what sulcus angle indicates lateral patellar sublux?

A

> 150 deg

41
Q

what type of joint is the proximal tibio-fibular joint?

A

plane

42
Q

when the knee flexes the fibular moves ____

A

anteriorly

43
Q

during ankle DF, the proximal fibula _____rotates and moves ____

A

ER
slightly upwards

MSK LQ (18 decks)

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