Hip Anatomy

Question 1

how is the head of the femur positioned?

Answer 1

medially, superiorly, and anteriorly (up & in)

Question 2

what is the resting position of the hip?

Answer 2

30 deg flex
30 deg abduction
slight ER

Question 3

closed packed position of hip

Answer 3

full extension, IR, and abduction

Question 4

capsular pattern of hip

Answer 4

flexion, abduction, IR
(some cases IR limited most)

Question 5

“buckets” of the hip

Answer 5

dysplasia
OA
FAI

Question 6

major function of the hip

Answer 6

transmit forces between pelvis and LEs

Question 7

is the hip designed more for stability or mobility?

Answer 7

stability

Question 8

what is hip dysplasia?

Answer 8

undercoverage of the femoral head by acetabulum

Question 9

what is femoro-acetabular impingement?

Answer 9

excessive bony development and/or overcoverage of femoral head by acetablum

Question 10

_______ is integral to successfully evaluating and treating hip dysfunctions

Answer 10

regional interdependence

Question 11

position of acetabulum

Answer 11

anterior, lateral, inferior

Question 12

which structure of the pelvis is important for shock absorption and proprioception?

Answer 12

fat pad of the acetabular fossa

Question 13

a loose fat pad or labrum is an example of

Answer 13

internal derangement

Question 14

the labrum creates _____ pressure

Answer 14

negative

Question 15

the angle of inclination is in the ___ plane between the _____ & _____

Answer 15

frontal
femoral neck and shaft

Question 16

normal range for angle of inclination in adults

Answer 16

125-139 deg

Question 17

what angle of inclination indicates coxa valga?

Answer 17

> 139 deg

Question 18

what angle of inclination indicates coxa vara?

Answer 18

<125 deg

Question 19

angle of torsion is in the ___ plane and is between ___ & ____

Answer 19

horizontal
between axis through femoral neck and axis through condyles

Question 20

normal angle of torsion in adults

Answer 20

10-15 deg

Question 21

anteversion angle of torsion

Answer 21

> 15 deg

Question 22

what issues does femoral anteversion cause?

Answer 22

toe-in and IR
predisposed OA and excessive anterior glide

Question 23

relative retroversion angle of torsion

Answer 23

<10 deg

Question 24

absolute retroversion angle of torsion

Answer 24

<0 deg

Question 25

retroversion (relative & absolute) cause toe ____ and hip ____

Answer 25

toe-out hip ER

Question 26

T/F: toe-in is always abnormal

Answer 26

T

Question 27

the hip joint capsule is thickened ____ & ____

Answer 27

anteriorly and superiorly

Question 28

which part of hip joint capsule is predisposed to dislocation?

Answer 28

posterior (and inferior)

Question 29

what type of cartilage is the acetabular labrum made of?

Answer 29

fibrocartilage

Question 30

what is the only mm that flexes the hip at end range of hip flexion?

Answer 30

iliopsoas

Question 31

in upright, contraction of iliopsoas, _____ L lordosis

Answer 31

increases (causes sheering of L spine)

Question 32

if tight, which mm contributes to patellofemoral pain syndrome?

Answer 32

rectus femoris

Question 33

which glute muscles are commonly weak?

Answer 33

glute med POSTERIOR fibers

Question 34

80% of the fibers of _____ insert into ITB

Answer 34

glute max

Question 35

glute max is commonly atrophied in what conditions?

Answer 35

sway back spinal DJD hip DJD

Question 36

which mm is a potential site of sciatic nerve entrapment?

Answer 36

piriformis

Question 37

the piriformis _____ the hip below 90 deg and _____ above

Answer 37

below - ER (& aBduct) above - IR (& aDduct)

Question 38

which hamstring is on the lateral aspect?

Answer 38

biceps femoris

Question 39

what is the most commonly strained hip muscle?

Answer 39

adductor longus

Question 40

there are > ___ bursae in the hip region

Answer 40

12

Question 41

what is the largest bursa of the hip?

Answer 41

iliopsoas

Question 42

sprinters and jumpers are most likely to have ___ bursitis

Answer 42

ischiogluteal (d/t over exertion of hammies)

Question 43

which bursa is common for bursitis (Hip)?

Answer 43

trochanteric (3 of them)

Question 44

what are the borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 44

superior - inguinal ligament medial - adductor longus lateral - sartorius

Question 45

what is the main innervation of hip joint?

Answer 45

L3 (also L1-S1)

Question 46

nerves of mm that cross the hip also supply ___ & ___

Answer 46

joint capsule and joint

Question 47

T/F: pain referred from hip joint may be felt anywhere in the thigh, leg, or foot

Answer 47

T

Question 48

T/F: bad vascular integrity of the hip means there will be bad vascularization to the entire LE

Answer 48

T

Question 49

which artery supplies the femoral head?

Answer 49

ligamentum teres artery **can cause necrosis w/ dislocation**

Question 50

normal hip flexion

Answer 50

110-120 deg

Question 51

normal hip extension

Answer 51

10-15 deg

Question 52

normal hip abduction

Answer 52

30-50 deg

Question 53

normal hip adduction

Answer 53

25-30 deg

Question 54

normal hip IR

Answer 54

30-40 deg

Question 55

normal hip ER

Answer 55

40-60 deg

Question 56

glide during flexion

Answer 56

posterior

Question 57

glide during extension

Answer 57

anterior

Question 58

glide during abduction

Answer 58

inferior/medial

Question 59

glide during adduction

Answer 59

superior/lateral

Question 60

glide during IR

Answer 60

posterior

Question 61

glide during ER

Answer 61

anterior