knee 6

Question 1

Name the 5 parts of the posterolateral capsular complex of the knee?

Answer 1

1. Popliteofibular ligament. 2. LCL. 3. Arcuate ligament. 4. biceps femoris tendon and tendon expansion. 5. Popliteus.

Question 2

What will the posterolateral capsular complex of the knee resist?

Answer 2

anterior translation, hyperextension, varus stress, medial rotation and lateral rotation extremes.

Question 3

How is the posterolateral capsular complex of the knee palpated?

Answer 3

In a figure 4 pattern.

Question 4

What happens to the posterolateral capsular complex of the knee during knee flexion?

Answer 4

LCL- lax, PFL- tense.

Question 5

What will happen when the LCL is lax?

Answer 5

This allows the tibia to undergo its normal internal rotation(conjoint rotation).

Question 6

What will happen when the PFL becomes tense?

Answer 6

It doesn’t interfere with internal rotation; half as strong as the LCL.

Question 7

What is more resistant to anterior translation stability the LCL or PFL?

Answer 7

PFL.

Question 8

What is the order of ligament failure with increased carus stress?

Answer 8

LCL—> PFL—-> popliteus and acruate ligaments.

Question 9

What are the 2 cruciate ligaments?

Answer 9

ACL and PCL.

Question 10

Where are the cruciate ligaments found at in general?

Answer 10

Intracapsular and extrasynovial (outer lining by synovial membrane).

Question 11

What is the blood supply like to the cruciate ligaments?

Answer 11

they are relatively hypovascular however the synovial lining is highly vascular.

Question 12

What is the significance of a highly vascular synovial lining of the cruciate ligaments?

Answer 12

If the ligaments rupture then bleeding would occure and this is calle dhemarthrosis.

Question 13

Where will the anterior cruciate ligament attach to?

Answer 13

anterior tibial plateau and anterior tibial spine to the medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle.

Question 14

Which cruciate ligament is largest?

Answer 14

Posterior is largest.

Question 15

What are the parts of the ACL?

Answer 15

1. Anterior band. 2. Posterior band.

Question 16

What will the tension be like on the ACL during different positions?

Answer 16

Always tense. Since the anterior band is tense when knee is flexed and posterior band is tense when knee is extended.

Question 17

The ACL is primaraly resistint to what?

Answer 17

anterior tibial translation.

Question 18

Why will 3/4 of all knee hemarthrosis involve the ACL?

Answer 18

Because it supports the blood vessels of the femur.

Question 19

What is the name of the test for tibial translation joint play?

Answer 19

Anterior drawer test.

Question 20

Where will the PCL attach to?

Answer 20

Attaches to the lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle to posterio proximal tibia (NOT TO THE TIBIAL PLATEAU).

Question 21

The PCL crosses _______ to the ACL.

Answer 21

Posteromedial.

Question 22

Which ligament is stronger the ACL or PCL and by how much?

Answer 22

PCL is 2X as strong as ACL.

Question 23

The PCL is also always tense but it is least tense when?

Answer 23

with 25-40 degrees flexion.

Question 24

What are the parts of the PCL?

Answer 24

smaller anterior and larger posterior bands.

Question 25

The PCL is pramarily resistant to what?

Answer 25

Posterior translation.

Question 26

What is the gravity sag sign and what will it mean?

Answer 26

It is posterior sagging of tibia when supine/ knee bent postion and it is a tear of the PCL.

Question 27

What is the most serious ligmaentous injury of the knee?

Answer 27

ACL.

Question 28

Which Cruciate ligament will be less likely to require corrective surgery when torn?

Answer 28

PCL.

Question 29

Why will the PCL be less likely to requrie surgery if torn?

Answer 29

Massive contribution of quadraceps.

Question 30

What is the test for posterior tibial translation joint play?

Answer 30

Posterior drawer test.