Hip 1

Question 1

Where is the hip joint at?

Answer 1

Between the acetabulum and the femoral head.

Question 2

The hip joint in general is unstable in who?

Answer 2

Infants especially female and northern european infants.

Question 3

What % of congenital hip dislocations are female?

Answer 3

90%.

Question 4

What are the 3 parts of the acetabulum and where are they located at?

Answer 4

Ilium- superior, Iscium (posteroinferior), pubis- anteroinferior.

Question 5

What is the difference between the acetabular brim and notch?

Answer 5

The brim is 4/5 of a full circle and the notch encloses the anteroinferior 1/5.

Question 6

What is the thickest cartilage of the hip joint?

Answer 6

The superior semilunar cartilage because it is the main weight bearing region.

Question 7

What are the other cartilage of the hip joint (besides the superior semilunar cartilage)?

Answer 7

Labrum and trans. Ligament.

Question 8

Where will the labrum and transverse ligament be at and what are they made of?

Answer 8

Labrum- upper 4/5 of ring. Transverse ligament- the inferior part that covers the notch. Both are made of fibrocartilage.

Question 9

What is the anteversion angle like for the acetabulum in males vs. females and infants?

Answer 9

Larger angle for females. Infants- more anterverted than adults.

Question 10

Increased anterversion of the acetabulum will do what?

Answer 10

Decrease stability.

Question 11

What will inferior acetabular tilt be like for males vs. females, and adults vs. infants?

Answer 11

Males larger than females. Adults greater than infants.

Question 12

Increased inferior tilit of the acetabulum will do what?

Answer 12

Increase stability.

Question 13

What is the shape of the femur head?

Answer 13

What is the shape of the femur head?

Question 14

What are the 2 keeper rings?

Answer 14

Labrum and zona orbicularis of the capsule.

Question 15

What is the articular cartilage of the femur head like?

Answer 15

Thickest superior since all pressure is here.

Question 16

Where is proximal physis of the femur located at and this causes what?

Answer 16

It is proximal to the neck and this creates a lot of shear force as we grow.

Question 17

When will a slipped capital femoral epiphysis be seen?

Answer 17

In early teens and tall and large people.

Question 18

What does trochanter mean?

Answer 18

To turn.

Question 19

During growth the distal femur normally becomes ______.

Answer 19

twisted medially relative to the proximal end.

Question 20

What is the normal, anterverted and retroverted angles of the femoral torsion?

Answer 20

Normal- 10-20degrees. Anteverted- >20degrees. Retroverted- <10 degrees.

Question 21

What will make the hip more and less stable anterverison or retroversion?

Answer 21

Anterversion- less stable. Retroversion- more stable.

Question 22

What is femoral inclination?

Answer 22

Draw a line from the femoral head parallel to the shaft. Then draw another line parallel to the long shaft of the femur and then measure the inside angle?

Question 23

What is the normal femoral inclination angle?

Answer 23

120-130 degrees.

Question 24

What will femoral inclination angles of >130 and <120 mean?

Answer 24

> 130- coxa valga- less stable hip. <120- coxa vara- more stable hip.

Question 25

What is the femoral inclination angle like at birth?

Answer 25

150 degrees.

Question 26

Coxa vara is often seen in who?

Answer 26

The elderly.

Question 27

Coxa vara will make the hip more stable, but what is the down part to coxa vara?

Answer 27

More shear stress on femoral neck increases the risk of fracture.

Question 28

Both coxa vara and valga cause what?

Answer 28

Abnormal wear and tear on articular surfaces and may lead to osteoarthrosis.

Question 29

Will increased abductor or adductor strength make the hip joint more or less stable?

Answer 29

Increased abductor- increases stability. Increased adductor- less stable.

Question 30

Will extension, external rotation and abduction make the hip joint more stable?

Answer 30

yes.