Knee 2 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the tibial facets on the tibial plateau like?
Flat they are not concave.
Which tibial facet is larger medial or lateral?
Medial is larger.
What is the angle of the proximal tibia like? Why?
Posterior angulation. To increase flexion ROM.
What is tibial torsion like?
External.
Where is the patellar surface of the femur at?
The anterior distal femur. Anterior to condyles.
What is the patellar surface of the femur like?
It has a medial facet/lip a lateral facet/lip and a cdentral groove.
Which facet/lip of the anterior distal femur is bigger? Why?
Lateral because the patella wants to go laterally and this keeps it from displacing.
What is the anterior distal part of the femur (facets/lips) lined with?
Hyaline cartilage.
What is the main function of the patella?
Increase angular pull of quadraceps (increase leverage at extension).
What is the shape of the patella like?
Triangular with the apex pointing down.
What is the posterior part of the patella like?
Medial and lateral facet with a central ridge, and once and a while there will also be an odd medial facet.
What is the purpose of the central ridge on the patella?
makes bone more wedge shaped.
What will cause the patella to have the odd medial facet?
repeated or sustained deep flexion.
What is the cartilage of the patella like and why?
The thickest cartilage in the body due to highest compression and shear forces on the body.
What represents the pull of the quads?
The patellofemoral Q angle.
How is the patellofemoral Q angle measured?
First line goes from ASIS to center of the tibia. Second line goes from center of the patella to the tibial tuberosity. Then measure the angle.
What is the normal range for the patellofemoral Q angle?
5-15 degrees with a mean of 10 degrees.
The patellofemoral Q angle affects what?
The tendency of the patella to track laterally.
What is the patellofemoral ratio?
A ratio of distance; tibial tuberosity to patellar apex: Patellar apex to base.
What is a normal patellofemoral ratio?
one
When would the patellofemoral ratio be considered low and what is this known as?
less than 0.8 aka Baja.
When would the patellofemoral ratio be considered high and what is this known as?
More than 1.2 and this is aka alta.
What will a Warberg, magna and parva patella mean?
Warberg- too wedge shaped. Magna- too large. Parva- too small.
What will functionally increase and decrease the patellofemoral Q angle?
Increase- lateral/external rotation of the tibia. Decrease- medial/internal rotation of the tibia.
