Knee

Question 1

Knee OA

Answer 1

Most common joint affected by OA
Caused by obesity, genetics, previous injury, hypermobility/instability.
Stiffness, reduced ROM, tenderness, weakness, muscle wasting, difficulty locking knees, usually affecting both knees unless a trauma has occured.

Question 2

Meniscal Injuries

Answer 2

Menisci sit between the tibia and femur and protect the lower leg from shock.
Injuries occur when the knee is twisted while the foot is planted and the knee is bent, resulting in tearing of the collagen fibres.
Swelling, Stiffness, Tenderness & inflammation of joint line, instability, Reduced ROM.
Commonly occur alongside other injuries such as a torn ACL.

Question 3

Hamstring Strain

Answer 3

Caused by rapid extensive contraction or violent stretch of the hamstring. Varying degrees of rupture.
Common in athletes and games players.
Risk factors include old age, previous injury, tight hip flexors.
Pain, tenderness, reduced ROM, decreased strength, decreased length of hamstrings.