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MSK basics > knee 1 - anatomy > Flashcards

knee 1 - anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are three joint of the knee

A

proximal tib-fib

patellofemoral

tibiofemoral

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2
Q

what kind of joint is the tibiofemoral joint

A

bicondylar

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3
Q

what movement is allowed at the tibiofemoral joint

A

flex/ext

IR and ER

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4
Q

what is the OPP for the tibiofemoral joint

A

30-deg flexion

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5
Q

what is the CPP for the tibiofemoral joint

A

full extension

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6
Q

what is the capsular pattern of the tibiofemoral joint

A

flex > ext

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7
Q

is some valgum normal in the knee

A

yes

normal os 10-15

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8
Q

what part of the knee is closing down when the knee is in valgum

A

the lateral outside portion of the knee

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9
Q

Is some hypere ext okay in the knee

A

yes

if it aint broke do not fix it

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10
Q

what are the arthokinematics for the tibiofemoral joint - open chain

A

concave on conves

same direction

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11
Q

what is the screw home mechanism

A

10 -15 deg of lateral tib rot

10 - 15 deg of medial tib rot

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12
Q

what unlocks the knee from full extension

A

the popliteus

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13
Q

what direction does the tibia rotate in the screw home mechanism

A

ER of the tibia is used to lock the knee

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14
Q

what kind of jointis the patellafemoral

A

a modified plane joint

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15
Q

what part of the femur does the patella sit in

A

the trochlear groove

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16
Q

what is the function of the patella femoral joint

A

protects the ant knee

increases the the mechnical advantage of the quads

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17
Q

what direction does the patella glide with flexion

A

inf

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18
Q

what direction does the patella glides with ext

A

sup

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19
Q

what muscle glides the motion of the patella in regards to the femur

A

the quads

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20
Q

what anchors the patella tendon distally

A

the patella tendon

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21
Q

what muscle contributes to the lateral pull of the patella

A

the IT band

vastus lateralis

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22
Q

what muscle contributes to the patella on the medial side

A

the vastus medialis

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23
Q

what kind of joint is the proximal tib fib joint

A

a modified plane joint

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24
Q

what is the major movement we see at the proximal tib fib joint

A

mostly gliding motion

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25
Q

what is the function of the men

A

the deepen the joint surface and to increase contact area of the knee

stability

distribute weightbearing

absorb shock

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26
Q

what is a meniscoectomy

A

the partial surgical removal of the men

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27
Q

does the men have good vascularization

A

no

only okay vascularization on the outside portions

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28
Q

what muscles attach to the post medial men

A

semimembranosous and

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29
Q

what ligament attaches medial and lateral men

A

transverse ligament

30
Q

what muscle sends fibers into the lateral meniscus

A

the popliteus

31
Q

what direction does the men glide with flexion

A

ant

32
Q

what direction does the men glides with ext

A

post

33
Q

what is the primary resistance of the MCL

A

valgus stress

34
Q

what movement does the LCL and the MCL both restrict

A

lateral tibia

medial femoral

35
Q

what is the primary resiatnce of the LCL

A

varus stress

36
Q

where does the ACL attached on the tibia

A

anterior

37
Q

where does the PCL attached on the tibia

A

posterior portion

38
Q

what part of the capsule are the ACL and the PCL

A

extra synovial

intra capsular

38
Q

what is the function of the ACL

A

prevent ant tibia translation

39
Q

what is the function of the PCL

A

resists posterior tib translation

primary stabilizer of the knee

40
Q

what ligament prevent interal rot/medial of the tibia

A

ACL and PCL

41
Q

what are the extensors of the knee

A

quads - VM, VL, VI, RF

42
Q

what are the flexors of the knee

A

hamstring

gastroc

popliteus

sartorius and gracilis

43
Q

where does sartorius and gracillis attach

A

the pes anserine SGT

44
Q

what are the ER of the knee

A

lateral hamstring

ITband

45
Q

what are the internal rotators of the knee

A

Pes anserine - SGT

popliteus

medial hamstring

46
Q

what are the three muscles of the hamstring

A

BF

semiten

semimem

47
Q

where do all of the hamstring muscles attach to

A

the Ischial tuberosity

48
Q

where is the pes anserine

A

medial knee below the joint line

49
Q

where does the bicep femoris insert

A

the fibular head

50
Q

what is the origin of the RF

A

the AIIS

51
Q

what is the origin of the vastis lat

A

greater trochanter

52
Q

what is the origin of the vastus med

A

linea aspera of the femur

53
Q

what vasculature is found in the popliteal fossa

A

popliteal art and vien

tibia nerve
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
common peroneal nerve

54
Q

what is the popliteal art a branch of

A

the femoral art

55
Q

what does capsular pattern mean

A

the issue is not in the patient joint capsule and is instead likely the ligaments of the tendons

56
Q

knee artho extension

A

anterior roll and glide

57
Q

knee artho flexion

A

posterior roll and glide

58
Q

why does the screw home mechanism occur

A

becasue the medial condyle is longer then the lateral

so the lateral is done but the medial is not creating this rotation

59
Q

what is the importance of the proximal tib fin joint with ankle issues

A

ant glide seen with ankle eversion

post glide seen with ankle inversion

this joint can become hypomobile and cause lateral knee pain following ankle sprains - it is stiff and not moving well

60
Q

what bursa do we see in the knee

A

prepatellar bursa

suprapatellar bursa

infrapatellar bursa

pes anserine bursa

61
Q

what is the function of bursa

A

cushion for the knee

or

provide lubrication for structures

62
Q

can you stretch the IT band

A

no it is fascia

63
Q

what are the two joint muscles in the knees

A

rec fem

gastroc

64
Q

what combine movement causes valgus collapse

A

hip ADD

Hip IR

knee ER

Knee abd

65
Q

what does valgus collaspe result in

A

greater lateral tension on the patella

66
Q

wha is knee injury is valgus collaspe predictive of

A

PFPS

67
Q

what does a compensated trendelenburg do to the knee

A

the creates an external knee valgus moment

68
Q

what is a compensated trendelenburg

A

when someone with a tren performs a hip hike to prevent hip drop

69
Q

what muscles can contribute to valgus collapse

A

weak hip abd/ER

decreased or delayed actiativation of the VMO

70
Q

can you selectivly strengthen the VMO

A

no the quads always activate together

71
Q

what factor can lead to altered patella loading

A

limited patella mobility

lateral fibers tight

MSK basics (20 decks)

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