knee 1 - anatomy Flashcards
what are three joint of the knee
proximal tib-fib
patellofemoral
tibiofemoral
what kind of joint is the tibiofemoral joint
bicondylar
what movement is allowed at the tibiofemoral joint
flex/ext
IR and ER
what is the OPP for the tibiofemoral joint
30-deg flexion
what is the CPP for the tibiofemoral joint
full extension
what is the capsular pattern of the tibiofemoral joint
flex > ext
is some valgum normal in the knee
yes
normal os 10-15
what part of the knee is closing down when the knee is in valgum
the lateral outside portion of the knee
Is some hypere ext okay in the knee
yes
if it aint broke do not fix it
what are the arthokinematics for the tibiofemoral joint - open chain
concave on conves
same direction
what is the screw home mechanism
10 -15 deg of lateral tib rot
10 - 15 deg of medial tib rot
what unlocks the knee from full extension
the popliteus
what direction does the tibia rotate in the screw home mechanism
ER of the tibia is used to lock the knee
what kind of jointis the patellafemoral
a modified plane joint
what part of the femur does the patella sit in
the trochlear groove
what is the function of the patella femoral joint
protects the ant knee
increases the the mechnical advantage of the quads
what direction does the patella glide with flexion
inf
what direction does the patella glides with ext
sup
what muscle glides the motion of the patella in regards to the femur
the quads
what anchors the patella tendon distally
the patella tendon
what muscle contributes to the lateral pull of the patella
the IT band
vastus lateralis
what muscle contributes to the patella on the medial side
the vastus medialis
what kind of joint is the proximal tib fib joint
a modified plane joint
what is the major movement we see at the proximal tib fib joint
mostly gliding motion
what is the function of the men
the deepen the joint surface and to increase contact area of the knee
stability
distribute weightbearing
absorb shock
what is a meniscoectomy
the partial surgical removal of the men
does the men have good vascularization
no
only okay vascularization on the outside portions
what muscles attach to the post medial men
semimembranosous and
what ligament attaches medial and lateral men
transverse ligament
what muscle sends fibers into the lateral meniscus
the popliteus
what direction does the men glide with flexion
ant
what direction does the men glides with ext
post
what is the primary resistance of the MCL
valgus stress
what movement does the LCL and the MCL both restrict
lateral tibia
medial femoral
what is the primary resiatnce of the LCL
varus stress
where does the ACL attached on the tibia
anterior
where does the PCL attached on the tibia
posterior portion
what part of the capsule are the ACL and the PCL
extra synovial
intra capsular
what is the function of the ACL
prevent ant tibia translation
what is the function of the PCL
resists posterior tib translation
primary stabilizer of the knee
what ligament prevent interal rot/medial of the tibia
ACL and PCL
what are the extensors of the knee
quads - VM, VL, VI, RF
what are the flexors of the knee
hamstring
gastroc
popliteus
sartorius and gracilis
where does sartorius and gracillis attach
the pes anserine SGT
what are the ER of the knee
lateral hamstring
ITband
what are the internal rotators of the knee
Pes anserine - SGT
popliteus
medial hamstring
what are the three muscles of the hamstring
BF
semiten
semimem
where do all of the hamstring muscles attach to
the Ischial tuberosity
where is the pes anserine
medial knee below the joint line
where does the bicep femoris insert
the fibular head
what is the origin of the RF
the AIIS
what is the origin of the vastis lat
greater trochanter
what is the origin of the vastus med
linea aspera of the femur
what vasculature is found in the popliteal fossa
popliteal art and vien
tibia nerve
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
common peroneal nerve
what is the popliteal art a branch of
the femoral art
what does capsular pattern mean
the issue is not in the patient joint capsule and is instead likely the ligaments of the tendons
knee artho extension
anterior roll and glide
knee artho flexion
posterior roll and glide
why does the screw home mechanism occur
becasue the medial condyle is longer then the lateral
so the lateral is done but the medial is not creating this rotation
what is the importance of the proximal tib fin joint with ankle issues
ant glide seen with ankle eversion
post glide seen with ankle inversion
this joint can become hypomobile and cause lateral knee pain following ankle sprains - it is stiff and not moving well
what bursa do we see in the knee
prepatellar bursa
suprapatellar bursa
infrapatellar bursa
pes anserine bursa
what is the function of bursa
cushion for the knee
or
provide lubrication for structures
can you stretch the IT band
no it is fascia
what are the two joint muscles in the knees
rec fem
gastroc
what combine movement causes valgus collapse
hip ADD
Hip IR
knee ER
Knee abd
what does valgus collaspe result in
greater lateral tension on the patella
wha is knee injury is valgus collaspe predictive of
PFPS
what does a compensated trendelenburg do to the knee
the creates an external knee valgus moment
what is a compensated trendelenburg
when someone with a tren performs a hip hike to prevent hip drop
what muscles can contribute to valgus collapse
weak hip abd/ER
decreased or delayed actiativation of the VMO
can you selectivly strengthen the VMO
no the quads always activate together
what factor can lead to altered patella loading
limited patella mobility
lateral fibers tight
