Klebsiella Pneumoniae Flashcards

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1
Q

Enterobacteriaceae characteristics

A

Glucose fermenters, catalase positive, oxidase negative,

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2
Q

How to distinguish K. pneumoniae from E. coli?

A

K. pneumoniae is indole negative

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3
Q

Where are klebsiella located?

A

Human lower GI tract, skin, and female genitals. Produce disease when access sterile sites.

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4
Q

What does Klebsiella pneumoniae cause?

A

UTI, pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections

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5
Q

Klebsiella on MacConkey plate.

A

Lactose fermenter (like E. coli) produce pink colonies.

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6
Q

Klebsiella characteristics under microscope

A

Non-motile, encapsulated (virulence factor), gram negative bacilli.

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7
Q

Describe Klebsiella capsule

A

Mucoid polysaccharide capsule to evade phagocytosis. Has hypermucoviscous isolates, string test. Must important virulence factor.

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8
Q

O antigen

A

LPS

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9
Q

Siderophore

A

Another main virulence factor, capable of sequestering iron

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10
Q

Type 1 pili

A

Mediates adherence to epithelium

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11
Q

Type 3 pili

A

Mediates bilifilm production

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12
Q

Pneumonia caused by Klebsiella

A

Hemorrhagic, necrotizing upper lobar pneumonia, associated with somewhat immunocompromised hosts (diabetes), very deadly (50% mortality)

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13
Q

Spontaneous peritonitis

A

Common in patients with cirrhosis and other liver diseases (Klebsiella is the 3rd most common isolated organism)

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14
Q

Secondary peritonitis

A

Associated with abdominal organ inflammation (generally after surgery). Klebsiella is the 2nd most commonly isolated organism.

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15
Q

Is Klebsiella a common cause of UTI?

A

Yes (6-12%), after E coli.

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16
Q

Can Klebsiella be treated with ampicillin?

A

No, resistant.

17
Q

Can Klebsiella be treated by any penicillin?

A

Yes, the anti-pseudomonal penicillins, eg: piperacillin. Has good gram negative coverage. Often combined with a beta lactamase inhibitor

18
Q

Anti-pseudomonal penicillin and beta lactamase inhibitor

A

Piperacillin-tazobactam.

19
Q

Which cephalosporin(s) treat K. pneumoniae?

A

Cefepime. Has excellent gram positive activity, stable against beta lactamases. Good against pseudomonas

20
Q

Which organisms have chromosomal inducible beta lactamase (ampC)

A

SPICE. Serratia, pseudomonas aeruginosa, indole positive proteaceae, citrobacter, enterobacter