Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Microbiology > Anaerobes > Flashcards

Anaerobes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Treatment of anaerobic infections

A

Penicillin, Penicillin+betalactamase inhibitor, 2nd generation cephalosporins, carbapenems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which are second generation cephalosporins?

A

Cefuroxime, cefoxitin, cefotetan.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What organism causes pseudomembranous colitis?

A

C. Difficile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Characteristics of C. diff.

A

Gram positive anaerobic spore-forming bacillus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is C. diff resistant to?

A

Many many antibiotics including beta lactams, clindamycin, cephalosporins, perhaps fluoroquinolones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Diagnosis of C. diff?

A

EIA toxin assay, PCR.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Toxin A

A

Enterotoxin, causes neutrophil chemotaxis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Toxin B

A

Cytotoxin, causes tight cell junctions to fail. Increases permeability of the intestinal wall to cause diarrhea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Worst possible complication of C. diff?

A

Toxic megacolon and septic shock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How to treat C. diff?

A

Metronidazole and oral vancomycin, fecal transplant therapy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Clostridium perfringens gram stain?

A

Positive rod, but doesn’t hold it well at all.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

C. perfringens plate?

A

Double zones of hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is C. perfringens from?

A

GI tract flora.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

C perfringens alpha toxin

A

Mediates hemolysis, vascular permiability and tissue destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diseases caused by C. perfringens

A

Gas Gangrene, cellulitis, emphasematous cholesystitis, food poisoning (spores and heat labile toxin).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How to treat C. perfringens?

A

Penicillin

17
Q

C. tetani causes…?

A

Spastic paralysis because of decreased GABA.

18
Q

How can C. tetani survive in soil?

A

Terminal spores.

19
Q

C. Botulinum causes…

A

Flaccid paralysis due to AB toxin

20
Q

How can somebody be infected with C. botulinum?

A

Improperly canned foods, spore contamination of honey

21
Q

Most common gram negative anaerobe to cause disease?

A

Bacteroides fragilis

22
Q

Characteristics of bacteroides fragilis?

A

Capsule, tolerant of oxygen due to catalase and SOD.

23
Q

Which organism causes sulfur granules?

A

Actinomyces.

24
Q

How does Actinomyces appear under the microscope?

A

Gram positive and branching. Anaerobic only.

25
Q

Nocardia nova appearance under a microscope?

A

Stains w/ a modified acid fast stain. Gram positive beaded branching bacilli. Anaerobic and aerobic

26
Q

How to treat novocardia nova?

A

With TMP-SMZ

27
Q

Mycobacterium fortuitum

A

Grows much faster than MTB, can retain a gram stain and often grows in contaminated water supply. Treat w/ macrolides+beta lactams.

28
Q

Corynebacterium diptheriae appearance

A

Gram positive bacillus that produces an exotoxin

29
Q

How does diptheria cause death?

A

Causes thickening and toughening of pharyngeal membranes.

Medical Microbiology (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions