Kingdoms- plants

Question 1

True plants

Answer 1

Are species that are multicellular, have eukaryotic cell with with cellulose cell walls, van photosynthesis and show differentiation in-cells

Question 2

What are the two major plant groups?

Answer 2

Bryophytes- mosses

Tracheophytes- ferns and flowering plants

Question 3

Byrophytes structure

Answer 3

Misses are multicellular plants, but they lack true roots, stems and leaves

Missed produce spores in a capsule at the end of a stalk. They are distributed by wind and germinate in moist conditions
Spores are only partially resistant to dedication another reason why they are restricted to damp habitats

Question 4

Byophytes cuticle and stomata

Answer 4

They have no cuticle or stomata(except in spore producing structures)

Question 5

Byophyets water uptake

Answer 5

They do not have true roots, but instead have Rhizoids that anchor the moss to the ground. They have no specific role in water uptake as they are unable to penetrate the soil to any great degree
Missed must therefore be restricted to growth damp habitats where they can take in water and ions close to the surface

Question 6

Byrophytes support

Answer 6

They do not have vascular tissue like xylem and phloem, so their support is by Turgor (this also limits their size)

Question 7

Tracheophytes

Answer 7

Vascular plants and there are 2 main sub divisions, the ferns and the flowering plants

Question 8

Pteridophytes

Answer 8

Ferns

Question 9

Are ferns or mosses better adapted to terrestrial life

Answer 9

Ferns are better adapted to terrestrial life than mosses but they are restricted to damp shady habitats
They consist of a stem leaf (frond) and root

Question 10

Structure of ferns

Answer 10

They are multicellular
Have true roots, stems and leaves(subdivided into leaflets called pinnae)
In ferns, the stem (rhizome) runs horizontally underground, with the leaves being the only part that expands above the ground

Dispersal by pores that only germinate in moist conditions and are only partially resistant to delocalised like those in mosses (refers back to more primitive origins)

Question 11

Tracheophytes water uptake

Answer 11

Have vascular systems so can transport water and ions, so the fern can grow to a larger size than mosses (support)

Question 12

Tracheophytes support

Answer 12

Support is by turgor within cells and the presence of the woody xylem vessels thickened by lignin

Question 13

Tracheophytes cuticle and stomata

Answer 13

Have a water proof cuticle and fine control over stomata so ferns can grow in drier areas than mosses