Benefits Of Genome Sequenicong And Genome Library

Question 1

Benefits of human genome and genome sequencing in general

Answer 1

More detailed mapping of genes
Drug development can be matched to individuals or groups of people
Increases potential for gene therapy
Genetic profiling or fingerprinting is essentially comparing genetic sequences in people
Knowledge of gene sequence Allows primary structure of proteins to be worked out.
Better understanding of the ancestral links between organisms and their evolutionary development.

Question 2

More detailed mapping of genes is possible

Answer 2

Benefits in the diagnosis and treatments of genetic disorders
Sections of DNA or genes can be identified and compared using micro array technology. This can be used to identify harmful alleles in carriers and also DNA sequences or SNPs associated with particular medical conditions.

Question 3

How can micro array be used

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Answer 3

MicroArrays can identify genetic differences between individuals that result in different responses to drugs

Question 4

Drug development can be matched to individuals or groups of people

Answer 4

Drug treatments can be more effective in individuals concearned and modified to reduce side effects and allergies

Question 5

Pharmacogenetics

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Answer 5

as the effect that the genotype has on an individual drug response

Question 6

Development of designer drugs

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Answer 6

The development of designer drugs can be matched to an individual’s genetic profile

Question 7

Realisation of designer drugs potential is likely an uneasy compromise between

Answer 7

Scientific capability and the economics of personalised medicine

Question 8

What does personalised medicine deal with?

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Answer 8

Personalised medicine deals with genetic differences specific to an individual patient, where certain patients can respond differently to treatment with certain drugs example codeine

Question 9

What dies personalided medicine explore?

Answer 9

Personalised medicine explores how treatment can be personalised to improve clinical outcome

Question 10

How has medicine been personalised in the past

Answer 10

Mass of some drugs given to a patient has been calibrated to match the body mass of the patient.
Treatment options for cancer patients has depended on higher van to cancer is not patient.
Personalised medicine is a matching of treatment to patients genome

Question 11

Pharmagogenetics definition in txt book

Answer 11

The study of how genetic differences in humans affect so particular dogs are metabolised by the body which in turn affects both effectiveness of the drug and also the side-effects arising

Question 12

What does pharmacogenetics reduce?

Answer 12

The trial and error application

Question 13

Codeine

Answer 13

Not active as a painkiller until it is metabolised into morphine
Morphine can be toxic or fatal if in high conc in body (high Levels of morphine can we just quickly for an ultra rapid metaboliser)
Individuals classified as poor, intermediate, extensive or ultra rapid metabolisers of codeine
This is dependant on their particular genotypes

Question 14

Cysictic fibrosis

Answer 14

Caused by having to recessive alleles for a particular gene. There are many variants of the recessive gene.
Ivacaftor can be used to treat the subset of patients with the Celtic Gene mutation
Ivacaftor and lumacaftor combined Is used to help treat individuals homozygotes for Delta F508 mutation

Question 15

Increases potential of gene therapy

Answer 15

And understanding of the difference between functional and defective genes in terms of base pairs is important and identifying exactly what donor DNA is required. The possibility of artificial making DNA in gene machines

Question 16

Fingerprinting is essentially genetic sequences

Answer 16

Different individuals have different numbers of repeat sequences. These repeat sequences occur in entrance and probably form a part of the DNA that doesn’t have a known function

Question 17

Primary structure of protein

Answer 17

Molecular Marvin software can then be used to predict second dairy tertiary importing reporting structures based on predict the bonded and bonding arrangements

Question 18

Variation

Answer 18

Mutations contribute to variation.
0.1% that provides much of the variation on different humans provided by the small number of jeans that have more than one type of alleles, with different people having different combinations of alleles.