Kingdom: Bacteria Flashcards
ecosystem service
beneficial contribution of an organism to its ecosystem
bacteria domain/kingdom
prokaryotes
domain: bacteria
kingdom: bacteria
bacteria facts
most organisms have more bacterial cells than eukaryotic cells
ancient: Earth (4.6 bil. yrs.), bacteria (3.4), eukaryotes (1.7)
abundant: most abundant organism on Earth
bacteria abundance
1 tsp. of fertile soil has ~1 billion prokaryotic cells (varying species)
most common organism species on Earth is a marine cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus
70,000-200,000 per 1cc of fertile sea H2O
bacteria are ubiquitous
on almost all surfaces
in ice/bedrock
internally in all other organisms (symbiotic relationship)
bacteria diversity categories
morphologically
metabolically
molecularly
bacteria morphological differences
shape: cocci (round), bacillus (rod), spirillum (spiral)
all single celled but colonial
size: 0.05 mm / 10-100 micrometers 10^-6
limited in size/complexity b/c no membrane bound organelles
mobility: flagella, gliding
bacteria metabolic differences
autotroph: bacteria that use an inorganic carbon source to make fuel (photosynthesis)
heterotroph: organism that consumes others for nutrients (human)
types of auto/hetero
phototroph: uses sunlight energy to drive ATP production
organotroph: oxidizes organic molecules to drive ATP production
lithotroph: oxidizes inorganic molecules (H2) to drive ATP production
bacteria molecular differences
DNA sequence
bacterial ecosystem services
decomposition
O2 production
nitrogen fixation (mobilize N2 into usable form)
symbiotic relationship w/ many eukaryotes
types of pathogenic bacteria
lyme disease
tetanus
E. coli
salmonella
botulism
bacterial reproduction
binary fission (20min) - DNA replicates, bacteria splits in two
conjugation - 1 bacteria donates a plasmid to a recipient, and inserts into genome… genetic variation
how to tell diff btw. bacteria/archae?
where do you find them?
DNA sequence
