Kinetic Theory

Question 1

What does Kinetic Theory describe?

Answer 1

How particles move in SOLIDS, LIQUIDS and GASES. The ENERGY of an object (or particle) has because of its MOVEMENT is called its KINETIC ENERGY (KE)

Question 2

Name the 3 states of matter…

Answer 2

Solid
Liquid
Gas

Question 3

What is different in each state of matter?

Answer 3

The arrangement and energy of the particles is different

Question 4

Describe the particle structure of a solid

Answer 4

STRONG FORCES of attraction hold the particles CLOSE TOGETHER in a FIXED, REGULAR arrangement
The particles don’t have much energy so they can only VIBRATE about their FIXED positions

Question 5

Describe the particle structure of a liquid

Answer 5

There are WEAKER FORCES of attraction between the particles.
The particles are CLOSE TOGETHER, but can move past each other, and form IRREGULAR arrangements
They have MORE ENERGY than particles in a solid
They move in RANDOM DIRECTIONS at LOW SPEEDS

Question 6

Describe the particle structure of a gas

Answer 6

There are almost NO forces of attraction between the particles
The particles have MORE ENERGY than those in LIQUIDS and SOLIDS
They are FREE TO MOVE, and travel in RANDOM DIRECTIONS and at HIGH SPEEDS

Question 7

What happens to particles when you HEAT a substance?

Answer 7

You give the particles MORE KINETIC ENERGY, they VIBRATE or MOVE FASTER
Solids to melt and liquids to boil