Kinesology Flashcards
What are the 3 cardinal planes of the body?
Sagittal
Frontal (coronal)
Transverse (Horizontal)
What motions occur in the frontal plane?
Abduction
Adduction
What motions occur in the sagittal plane?
Flexion
Extension
What motions occur in the transverse plane?
Medial/Lateral rotation
What plane splits the body into medial and lateral?
Sagittal plane
What plane splits the body into anterior and posterior?
Frontal plane
What plane splits the body into upper and lower sections?
Transverse plane
Flexion and extension occur in what plane of motion?
Sagittal plane
Medial and lateral rotation occur in what plane of motion?
Transverse plane
Abduction and adduction occur in what plane of motion?
Frontal plane
What is the most common type of lever in the body?
Class 3 lever
What lever is elbow flexion an example of?
Class 3 lever
What is an example of a class 1 lever?
Cervical flexion (see saw)
Ankle plantarflexion is an example of what kind of lever?
Class 2 lever
What are the 3 types of joints that compose the body?
Fibrous (synarthroses)
Cartilaginous (amphiarthroses)
Synovial (Diarthroses)
What type of joints are non-synovial and allow for little to no movement?
Fibrous (synarthroses)
What are fibrous joints?
Joints made of bones that are united by fibrous tissue
What kind of joints make up the sutures of the skull?
Fibrous (synarthroses)
What is the term used to describe when a fibrous joint eventually fuses?
synostosis
What is synostosis?
Eventual fusion of a joint
What are three types of fibrous joints?
Suture
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis
What type of fibrous joint is immovable?
Suture
The tibia and fibula with the interosseous membrane is an example of what kind of fibrous joint?
Syndesmosis
What are 2 examples of a syndesmosis?
tibia and fibula with the interosseous membrane
radius and ulna with the interosseous membrane
What type of joint is a gomphosis joint?
Fibrous joint
How many gomphosis joints are there in the human body? What are they?
2 in the body
Teeth and corresponding sockets in the mandible
A tooth in its socket is an example of what kind of joint?
Gomphosis (fibrous)
Amphiarthroses are what kind of joints?
Cartilaginous
What are amphiarthoses?
Joints that have hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage that connect one bone to another.
What type of joint allows for little movement?
cartilaginous joint
What are 2 types of cartilaginous joints?
Synchondrosis
Symphysis
What type of joints are made up primarily of hyaline cartilage?
Synchondrosis
What type of joints are the sternum and true rib articulations examples of?
Synchondrosis
What type of cartilage makes up symphysis joints?
Hyaline OR fibrocartilage
What type of joint is a symphysis joint?
cartilaginous joint (amphiarthroses)
What is an example of symphysis joint?
Pubic symphysis
What are the 5 distinguishing factors of a synovial joint?
- Joint cavity
- Articular cartilage
- Synovial membrane
- Synovial fluid
- Fibrous capsule
What type of joint allows for free movement between bones?
Synovial joints
What is another name for synovial joints?
Diarthroses
What are 3 types of synovial joints?
Uni-axial
Bi-axial
Tri-axial
What are 2 types of uniaxial joints? Provide examples for each.
Hinge joint (elbow joint) Pivot joint (AA joint)
What are 2 types of biaxial joints? Provide examples for each.
Condyloid joint (MCP joint of fingers) Saddle (CMC joint of thumb)
What are 2 types of triaxial joints? Provide examples for each.
Plane joint (carpal joints) Ball and socket (hip and shoulder joints)
