General Musculoskeletal Terminology

Question 1

What is the difference between effusion and edema?

Answer 1

Edema = increased volume of fluid OUTSIDE of the joint capsule

Effusion = increased volume of fluid INSIDE the joint capsule

Question 2

What structures are compressed versus stressed with genu valgum?

Answer 2

Compression of lateral tibial condyle

Stress on the medial structures

Question 3

What structures are compressed versus stressed with genu varus?

Answer 3

Compression of the medial tibial condyle

Stress on the lateral structures

Question 4

What is the Q angle? What are the normal values for males vs females?

Answer 4

Degree of angulation present when measuring from the midpatella to the ASIS and tibial tubercle.

Female = 18 degrees
Male = 13 degrees

Question 5

Describe a grade I sprain.

Answer 5

Mild pain and swelling with little to no tear of the ligament

Question 6

Describe a grade II sprain.

Answer 6

Moderate pain and swelling
Minimal to moderate tearing of the ligament
Decreased ROM

Question 7

Describe a grade III sprain.

Answer 7

Severe pain and swelling
Substantial joint instability
Substantial decrease in ROM

Question 8

What is the difference between a strain and a sprain?

Answer 8

Sprain = acute injury involving a ligament

Strain = injury involving the musculotendinous unit that involves a muscle, tendon or their attachments to bone

Question 9

Describe a grade I strain.

Answer 9

Localized pain
Minimal swelling
Tenderness

Question 10

Describe a grade II strain.

Answer 10

Localized pain
Moderate swelling
Tenderness
Impaired motor function

Question 11

Describe a grade III strain.

Answer 11

Palpable defect of the muscle
Severe pain
Poor motor function