Kines Chapter 4 Flashcards
Synarthrodial Joints are subdivided into
Fibrous and Cartilaginous Joints
A joint held together by ligaments interosseous membranes, or both
Fibrous joints
Peg in socket joint, also known as
gomphosis
This type of joint primarily provides stability while allowing small amounts of movement, such as bending, twisting, compression
Cartilaginous Joints
Also, term, synovial joints, allow relatively more movement than stability
Diarthrodial Joints
Movement, when present tends to be linear instead of angular for this type of joint
Non-axial joint movement
Is angular movement occurring within one plane in about one axis, and thus has one degree of freedom
Uniaxial joint movement
Is angler movement occurring within two planes, and about to access and thus has 2° of freedom
Biaxial Joint movement
In the CMC joint, the articular surface of each bone is concave in One Direction and convex. In the other. This type of joint configuration is termed a
Sellar Joint
When the bones fit together like a horseback rider in a saddle, this joint is often termed a
Saddle joint
This type of movement occurs within all three planes and about all three axes does having 3° of freedom
Triaxial joint movement
Usually two, articulate with each other
Bones
Bands of fibrous, connective tissue support and hold a joint together
Ligaments
Surrounds and in cases the joint
Capsule or capsular ligament
A thick vascular connective tissue that secretes synovial fluid
Synovial membrane
A clear fluid, resembling egg whites, consisting primarily of water and dissolve protein
Synovial fluid
Is a dense, fibrous, connective tissue that can withstand great amounts of pressure and tension
Cartilage
Also termed as articular cartilage, covers the ends of opposing Bones within a synovial joint
Hyaline cartilage
Is present in both synovial and cartilaginous joints. shock absorption is the primary function of this type of cartilage
Fibrocartilage
is a fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the shallow glenoid fossa of the scapula
labrum
This type of cartilage is designed to help maintain a structure shape, while allowing flexibility
Elastic cartilage
These connect muscle to bone
Tendons
Some tendons are in case in a structure termed
Tendon sheath
As a broad, flat, tendinous sheet of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
aponeurosis
The Latissimus dorsi muscle attaches at the origin over a broad area to several bones via and Apo neurosis termed the
thoracolumbar fascia
This is an aponeurosis located in the midline of the anterior abdominal wall attaching to the xiphoid process of the sternum and the pubic crest of the pelvis
Linea Alba
These are small, fluid, build, pillow, light sacks, located near joints
bursae
Additional pressure also termed
Overpressure
This occurs when compression of muscle bulk hulks movement also termed, soft tissue approximation
soft end feel
Results from tension, instructions surrounding a joint and is perceived as firm resistance to movement
Firm end feel
also Termed, bony end feel, is characterized by a hard and abrupt limitation of passive joint motion with no give on over pressure
hard end feel
A soft, wet sponge feel often occurs in acute conditions in which soft tissue swelling or edema is present, such as immediately after a severely sprained ankle
Boggy end feel
Is reflexive muscle guarding during movement
Muscle spasm
Occurs when movement produces considerable pain, and the patient stops the clinician from moving the joint beyond the painful point of joint motion
Empty end feel
A rebound movement occurs with internal derangement of a joint such as torn cartilage
Springy block
These have two bones forming a concave /convex relationship
Ovoid Joints
Is the degree to which joint articulating surfaces, match or fit each other
Joint congruency
This position occurs when joint surfaces are most congruent
Close-packed
This position occurs when there is increase laxity of the joint capsule and supporting ligaments, and there is decreased congruency of articular surfaces, then close- packed position
Open packed
Is movement of one surface, rolling on an adjacent surface, such as a ball rolling across a floor
Roll
Is a linear movement of one joint surface parallel to the plane of an adjacent joint surface
Glide or slide
Is the rotation of a single point on one joint surface on a single point on the adjacent joint surface such as a top spinning on a table
Spin
Describes the direction of the arthrokinematic movement of gliding during Osteokinematic movements
Concave/convex rule
Is a small amount of movement available in a joint necessary for arrow cinematic movement
Joint play
Is a group of clinical techniques using application of the same principles and stresses to restore joint function by lengthening salt tissue around the joint
Joint mobilization
Is the complete separation of the articular surfaces of a joint resulting from disruption of supporting structures, the joint capsule and ligaments
Dislocation
Is a partial dislocation of a joint
Subluxation
Also, term degenerative arthritis is a type of arthritis caused by subsequent breakdown of cartilage
Osteoarthritis
Tears of ligaments, and in some cases capsules are described by severity, which are characterized by three separate degrees
Sprains
This is a normal response to injury. The signs and symptoms are characterized by swelling, redness, heat, and Pain
Inflammation
Inflammation in a tendon
Tendinitis
Inflammation of a synovial membrane
Synovitis
is inflammation of a tendon sheath often caused by repetitive use
Tenosynovitis
Is inflammation of a bursa
Bursitis
Inflammation of a joint capsule
Capsulitis
This is a characterized pattern of a loss motion when capsular tightness is present
Capsular pattern
