Kines Chapter 1 Flashcards
Is the study of movement through the application of anatomy, physiology, physics, and mechanics
Kinesiology
The movement of bones in space about a joint axis, examples of which include flexion and extension
Osteokinematics
The movement of bone services during joint movement examples of which include role and glide
Arthrokinematics
This standardized position, and is defined as the human body standing in the upright position, eyes level, and facing forward, feet parallel, and close together, and arms at the sides of the body with the palms facing forward
Anatomical position
Refers to a location or position towards the midline
Medial
Refers to a location or position farther from the midline
Lateral
Refers to the front of the body or the position closer to the front
Anterior
Refers to the back of the body, or to a position closer to the back
Posterior
This is a synonym for anterior
Ventral
This is a synonym of posterior
Dorsal
This means away from the trunk
Distal
This means toward the trunk
Proximal
Is used to indicate the location of a body part that is above, or to refer to the upper surface of an organ or a structure
Superior
Indicates that a body part is below another, or refers to the lower surface of an organ or structure
Inferior
This is used to refer to a position or structure closer to the head
Cranial or cephalad
This refers to a position or structure closer to the feet
Caudal
The external oblique is _____ to the internal oblique
Superficial
The internal oblique is_____ to the external oblique
Deep
The anterior surface of the body faces upward, and the posterior surface of the body is in contact with supporting surface, such as a treatment table or a floor would be considered what position
Supine
The anterior surface of the body faces downward in contact with a supportive surface, and the posterior surface of the body faces upwards, this will be considered what position
Prone
Refers to two or both, sides
Bilateral
Refers to the opposite side
Contralateral
Refers to the same side of the body
ipsilateral
Is a series of connected, rigid links, which in the human body are segments of the extremities the upper and lower extremities are in fact these
Kinetic chain
This occurs when the distal segment is fixed, closed, providing stabilization at the distal end of the kinetic chain, and the proximal segments or segment, is free to move
Closed Kinetic chain
This occurs when the distal segment is not fixed, and the proximal segment is fixed. This configuration provides stabilization of the proximal end of the kinetic chain and freedom of movement of the distal segments.
Open kinetic chain
Plane passes through the body vertically from anterior to posterior or vice versa, dividing the body into right, and left portions
Sagittal plane
Also termed a coronal plane, passes through the body vertically from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions
Frontal Plane
Also termed a transverse plane passes through the body, horizontally and bond, body into superior and inferior portions
Horizontal plane
Sometimes, termed, anterior posterior axis, is a line that passes through a joint from anterior to posterior or vice versa
Sagal axis
Sometimes Termed, a medial lateral axis, is a line that passes through a joint from side to side flexion and extension can occur here
Frontal axis
Sometimes Termed, a longitudinal axis, is a line that passes through a joint from superior to inferior or vice versa
Vertical axis
Movements like flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation, or term these type of movements
Osteokinematic movements
This occurs within a sagittal plane and a frontal axis, is movement of one limb segment on another about a joint axis, bringing two anterior limb, segment surfaces toward each other
Flexion
Occurring within a sagittal plane and a frontal axis, is movement of one limb segment on another about a joint axis, moving the anterior limb, segment services away from each other
Extension
Extension of a joint beyond its non-pathological extension range of motion
Hyperextension
Is a movement away from the midline of the body
Abduction
Is a movement toward the midline of the body
Adduction
1.When the shoulder has been abducted, initially, shoulder movement, laterally is called _____
- And movement medially is called
- Horizontal abduction
- Horizontal Adduction
This occurs when the hand moves laterally, or toward the radial/ thumb side of the hand
Radial Deviation
Occurs when the hand moves immediately, or toured the owner/little finger side of the hand
Ulnar deviation
When the trunk bends to the side, moving the shoulder towards the ipsilateral hip
Lateral flexion
Occurs when the anterior surface of a limb segment turns toward the midline
Medial rotation
Occurs when the anterior surface of a limb segment turns away from the midline
Lateral rotation
In anatomical position, forearm is in
Supination
In anatomical position, when the palm is oriented, posteriorly, it is considered
Pronation
Is a triplanar movement, producing a circular, cone shaped pattern, in which distal segments moved through larger arcs of movement than proximal segments
Circumduction
Is the ankle so that the sole of the foot faces medially
Inversion
Moving the ankle, so that the sole of the foot faces laterally
Eversion
is movement of the thumb such that the pad of the thumb faces the pads of the other four fingers
Opposition
Is movement that returns the thumb to anatomical position
Reposition
Is a movement of the scapula laterally along the posterior chest wall
Scapular protraction
Is a movement of the scapula medially along the posterior chest wall
Scapular retraction
Is movement of the scapula superiorly along the posterior chest wall
Scapular elevation
Is movement of the scapula inferiorly along the posterior chest wall
Scapular depression
Is the amount of movement a joint can move in any of its possible directions, and is measured using a goniometer
Range of motion or ROM
