Kinantropometry

Question 1

Kinantropmetry:

Answer 1

-size
-proportionality
-composition
-shape (somatotype)

Question 2

Size:

Answer 2

Stature (height), mass (weight), length (limbs, bones), girths, widths

Question 3

Stature proportionality:

Answer 3

-sitting height to standing height
-females = longer trunks to their legs then do males

Question 4

BMI:

Answer 4

-weight (kg)/height^2 (m)

Question 5

BMI ranges:

Answer 5

-BMI>25 increased risk of disease (overweight)
-BMI>= 30 designated obese

Question 6

Length proportions:

Answer 6

-arm span relative to height
-trunk length relative to leg length
-crural index (lower leg to upper leg)
-brachial index (lower arm relative to upper arm)

Question 7

Girth proportions:

Answer 7

Hip relative to waist

Question 8

Width proportions:

Answer 8

Shoulders relative to hips (androgyny index)

Question 9

Surface area relative to volume:

Answer 9

-children have large surface area relative to their volume, so they are more cold sensitive

Question 10

Lean body mass

Answer 10

Includes skeletal muscle, bone, water

Question 11

Fat body mass

Answer 11

Divided into 2 types of fat:
-storage fat
-essential fat

Question 12

Storage fat:

Answer 12

-accumulates as adipose
-serves as energy reserve
-cushions, protects organs
-mainly subcutaneous distribution
-male 12% female 15%

Question 13

Essential fat:

Answer 13

-CNS
-bone marrow, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, intestines, muscle
-compromises 3% of body weight for average male
-compromises 12% of body weight for average females

Question 14

Height/weight charts:

Answer 14

-assumption was that if you weighed more then norm for your height then you has too much fat
-many groups were not well represented in original samples therefore predictions are not reliable

Question 15

Waist to hip ratio:

Answer 15

-gynoid (pear) shape = female
-android (apple) shape = male

Question 16

Obese individuals with excess abdominal fat lead to :

Answer 16

-coronary disease
-hypertension
-type II diabetes

Question 17

Waist girth:

Answer 17

Very strong index of health risk

Question 18

Hydrostatic

Answer 18

The gold standard for all other methods of body composition calculations

Question 19

Air displacement

Answer 19

-bod pod
-density= mass/volume
-measure of volume of water or air displaced
-have to correct for: air in lungs, air in the GI tract

Question 20

Bio electric impedance:

Answer 20

-based on differences in electrical conductivity between fat - free mass & fat mass
-is influenced by the subjects hydration level

Question 21

Skinfold thickness:

Answer 21

-&body fat calculations
-sum of skin folds (more reliable - time to time measures)

Question 22

Somatotyping:

Answer 22

-roundness = endomorphy
-muscularity = mesomorphy
-linearity = ectomorphy