Kin Module 1 Flashcards
Kinesiology
study of human movement
Kinematics
study of motion
Kinetics
study of forces that cause motion
Kinesthesia
sense of movement
Describe the process for scientific research
- make an observation
- formulate a question
- formulate a hypothesis
- design an experiment + execute
- analyze + draw conclusions
Confirmation bias
tendency for individuals to search for info in a way that serves/confirm their beliefs
Importance of evidence
- anecdotes are not enough
- pseudo-science (bad science) is damaging
4 types of journal articles and describe them
- Primary article (gain new knowledge)
- Review article (summary of existing research)
- Meta Analysis ( combines/analyze data from different primary studies to strengthen understanding of a particular topic)
- Case studies ( report specific instances of interesting phenomena)
Three types of review articles and describe them
- Narrative review : summarize existing evidence
- Scoping review : broad reviews that gather as much evidence possible
- Systemic review : highly structured that utilize pre-planned methods to include/exclude articles
Describe the RADAR framework
Relevance
Authority
Date
Appearance/Accuracy
Reason
Statistics
Maths that relates to presentation, analysis, interpretation of data
The score in statistics
a value associated with a variable of interest
The frequency in statistics
a count , how many of a certain criteria
Mean, Median, Mode
Mean - mathematical centre of all scores
Media - score that divides the data set in half
Mode - score that occurs the most
Standard deviation
indicates how closely individual data points cluster around the mean
Standard error
small standard error means small variability
Statistical significance
reflects the likelihood that relationship between two or more variables is due to something other than random chance
Biological (clinical) significance
an effect considered by expert judgement as important and meaningful for human, animal, plant, environmental health
Minimally clinically important difference
outcomes that reflect the smallest benefit/ change that is meaningful to the person/patient
P-value
- is a probability , reflects the measure of evidence against the null hypothesis
- small p-value corresponds to strong evidence
Statistical difference and when does it exist
- corresponds with having a small p-value
- statistical difference exists if the p-value is below a pre-defined limit (5% or 1%)