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kin midterm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

class ideology

A

web of ideas that people use to
-understand economic inequalities
-identify themselves and other in terms of class position
-power, prestige, and privilege are connected to certain classes more than others

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2
Q

power

A

a relationship in which an individual, group, or organization is capable of exerting influence over others and resist the influence of individuals, groups or organizations

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3
Q

privilege

A
  • a pattern of increased opportunities related to the features of the local environment
    -people have more opportunities and personal resources to access a higher range if services enabling healthier lives
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4
Q

social class

A

-categories of people who share a similar economic position based on a combination of wealth, income, education, occupation, residence, buying power, social networks
-people tend to hang around people in same class as them
-the class you are born into usually dictates what class you will be in for the rest of your life

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5
Q

socio-economic status

A

refers to someone placed into society purely based on their income

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6
Q

upper upper class

A

-less than 1% of population
-old money, guaranteed millionaires

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7
Q

lower upper class

A

-2-4% of population
-high education, success stories

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8
Q

upper middle class

A

-20%of population
-professionals, educated, accumulate wealth, children go to university

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9
Q

average middle class

A

-20% of population
-middle to lower management jobs, high skill blue collar, some wealth, children go to local college

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10
Q

working class

A

-33% of population
- blue collar, job insecurity, little to no wealth, may own a house in a low cost neighbourhood

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11
Q

lower class

A

-20% of population
-life unstable and insecure, some depend on social assistance

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12
Q

scale of culture

A

as we go from lower class to upper class there is a scale of culture

culture of poverty–> culture of promotion–> culture of privilege

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13
Q

upper class sports

A

polo, golf, croquet, hunting

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14
Q

middle class sports

A

rugby union, racket sports, hockey, football

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15
Q

working class sports

A

rugby league, darts, soccer, running

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16
Q

sports are egalitarian

A

-opportunities to be physically active are equal and that success is dependent only on skill and achievement

-people say this is not true tho because of financial differences and people may not have time for them

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17
Q

sport as a meritocracy

A

-a mean for upward social mobility
-if one works hard, they too can achieve success and upward social mobility

-barriers- cost, access

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18
Q

impact of sport barriers

A

children from low income families often miss out on opportunities to participate in sport and physical activity due to cost

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19
Q

economic capital

A

-financial resources available to an individual
-purchase time
-hiring workers or assistants
-this allows them to spend more time in sport
-nicer sport equipment and spaces

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20
Q

social capital

A

-accumulated through social relationships
-quality and quantity of social relationships
-high social capital=networks that have positive influence on your life
-strongly connected to participation in sport activity
-spillover effect- gain belongingness

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21
Q

cultural capital

A

-knowledge, skills, norms, values that are highly rated in society
-closely tied to social capital
-2 key ideas tied to cultural capital
- healthism
- social determinism

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22
Q

healthism

A

-public perception that the fit and healthy body are morally, physically, and socially responsible
- a person chooses the right lifestyle
-places emphasis on physique and states that anyone can achieve the ideal body

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23
Q

social determinism

A

-argues ones location on the social ladder controls whether they can create a fit body and healthy lifestyle

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24
Q

physical capital

A

-the embodied form if capital
-development of bodies in ways that recognized as possessing values within social contexts
-this form of capital represents the interrelationship between economic, social, and cultural capital

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25
bikes as a tool for development
-the bike is praised for reducing poverty and supporting youth development and education -bikes provide people with positive attitudes, the potential to experience a sense of belonging and encouraged people to explore their city
26
colonialism
-establishment, exploitation and maintenance of a colony or territory by a political power from another territory -control by one power of a dependent area -forces langage and culture onto another area -5 types
27
settler colonialism
-involves large scale immigration motivated by religious, political or economic reasons -settlers are brought in to replace an existing indigenous population -intend to permanently occupy and assert their sovereignty over indigenous land -ensures the elimination of indigenous and control over them through new govt. or legal systems
28
residential schools
-between 1880's and 1990's- 139 schools -affected 150,000 indigenous children -tried to set new cultural conditions -chronically underfunded, in a constant state of disrepair, lacking qualified educators -generally large schools, situated near non-indigenous populations -key aim was to assimilate/civilize
29
assimilate
-a process by which a culture is encouraged or forced to resemble or take on characteristics of a different (often dominant) culture
30
civilize
-to bring a person (or place) to a stage of social and cultural development considered more advanced
31
sport and cultural genocide
-systematic destruction of traditions, values, language and other elements that make one group distinct from another -sport was though to help the indigenous cultivate the values and behaviours they needed to succeed -they were assumed to naturally like the white sports better because they were "more legitimate" -indigenous sport were only accepted sports when they had been taken up and transformed by whites -they were constantly watched to sure the remedial effects were being administered
32
residential school and sport
-forsyth argued that sport and games at residential schools served 2 purposes 1. to mobilize civic support for assimilation 2. to broader agenda to civilize indigenous children
33
waneek horn-miller
-first First Nations woman to be on cover of times magazine -big emphasis on how we see sport through Eurocentric view vs. First Nations view -winning, masculinity, norms vs. honour, challenging self, skill development -she was stabbed by a bayonet when the Canadian military invaded her communities land -became an icon for girls- especially indigenous
34
race
-social construction that classifies and groups individuals based on shared phenotypic traits -hair colour, skin colour, eye colour, genetic makeup
35
ethnicity
-social construction of people who share or have shared a similar history, locality, or lineage often with shared customs and cultural beliefs and practices -geography, history, practices, experiences
36
myth of race
-social construction and upheld through sociocultural classifications rather than biological differences -assumes that biological and physiological differences are directly related to mental, moral, and intellectual characteristics -this places certain races in positions of power and authority
37
racialization
the process of an individual or group being ascribed a race and thus granted the characteristics perceived to be associated with that race
38
Jim Crow laws
-collection of statutes and laws that legalized racial segregation and discriminatory practices against black americans -kept them in an inferior social position -blatant segregations across a variety of social spaces -restaurants, parks, sport places, elevators, stairs, sport programs
39
colourblindness
-racial ideology that posits that "the best way to end discrimination is by treating individuals as equally as possible, without regards to race, culture or ethnicity" -acts to perpetuate racism -problematic statements -" I dont see colour I just see people" -" we are all just people"
40
biological racism
-characteristics and traits are a product of a persons genetic makeup -idea that the races are meaningfully different in their biology and create a hierarchy of value -ex. black bodies are more inclined to athleticism
41
bodily racism
-percieving of certain racialized bodies as more animal like and violent compared to others -language used to reinforce ideas related to the body -ex. black- powerful, violent, beastly, savage vs. white- team first, athletic, classy, hardworking
42
cultural racism
-creating a cultural standard to impose a cultural hierarchy among racial groups -success of non-white groups is because they "overcame deficiencies" associated with their group
43
spatial racism
- policies that lead to inequities within spaces and places -"belong" in a space -segregation
44
racial ideology
- a web of beliefs and ideas that people use to give meaning to specific traits such as skin colour and evaluates them in terms of how they are classified by race -more differences within a homogenous group than a heterogenous group
45
racial microaggressions
- the "new face of racism" -subtle, ambiguous , often unintentional actions, terms and behaviours that lead to segregating or discriminating people -connects to the idea of colourblindness -leads to believe that racism is no longer a problem for racialized people in North American context
46
the "savage" of savage race
-these sport races reproduce the traditional masculine notions -historically racist term "savage" is used to sell an opportunity for people to push their physical and mental limits -"savage" was a term used to characterize indigenous and non-white people- created by whites -company is almost blind to the racism
47
the queen of basketball
-luisa harris- first woman to be drafted by mens NBA team - only black girl on her university team -6'3 -joined team without knowing how to play -3 back to back national championships -first women's Olympic basketball team -first woman to score a goal in olympic basketball -won silver -if she were a man there would have been more opportunities and money for her
48
dismantling dominant narratives through digital media
-muslim women often portrayed as the "other" and needing saving from their culture -media tends to over focus on the hijab athlete -seen as "oppressed" -idea that they are passive and oppressed creates narratives that adhere to the orientalist pov which distorts non-western culture, implying the "other" culture is backwards or oppressed -women want to be recognized for their skill and not as " woman from muslim country" or "first muslim woman to do so-and-so
49
language and disability
-disability is a socially constructed concept -language is also constructed -no right or wrong way to label individuals however the use of person-first language vs. identity-first language allows you to put the person as a whole rather than identified as a disability -prevents othering
50
impairment
-physical, sensory, intellectual, psychological variations -may cause individual function limitations -impairment neither causes nor justifies disability
51
disability
-results from systemic barriers when a person with impairments is excluded from full participation in society
52
what is normal?
-ideas of normal/abnormal have had profound impact on the way ability and disability have been constructed and understood
53
Adolphe quetelet
-" social physics" law of error -created the idea of human error and applied it to human life -people with disabilities we random human error
54
Sir Francis Galton
_"philosophy of the normal" -cousin of Darwin -basically said that people with disabilities can be cured, fixed, or made invisible based upon Darwins theory of natural selection
55
eugenics
-making a society stronger by eliminating genetic traits -resulted in genocide of people not in the norm -euthenization of children with disabilities -adults with disabilities sent to institutions in a dire state (we can't see them, they dont affect us mindset)
56
infanticide
- intentional killing of infants or offspring -prevented resources being spent on disabled offspring
57
institutionalization
-the state of being kept or being placed in an institution
58
medical model of disability
-defines disability as an individualized condition that impairs an individual form functioning in traditional ways -reinforces the notion that impairments need to be cured results in barriers that "disable" the person from functioning in society -justifies social exclusion -impacts social benefits, housing, education, employment
59
social model of disability
-3 main societal barriers -environmental -institutional -altitudinal -disability comes from without- not within -normal human variation needs no cure -goal is to remove barriers that lead to discrimination -society, not individuals, must adapt
60
neurodiversity
-umbrella term used to include and spectrum of cognitive, developmental, and mental health conditions -ex. autism, adhd, dyslexia -impairments related to gross and fine motor development , hand dominance, eye movements, perception, emotions, speech -often face similar barriers to those with mental health diagnosis
61
discrimination
institutional/structural---> interpersonal/personally mediated---> internalized/individual
62
ableism
-discrimination against individuals with disabilities on the basis of ability
63
inspiration porn and supercrip
- stereotype used to describe disabled athletes as having "courageously overcome" their disability to participate in sport -explains the presence and success of athletes w/ disabilities -influences media representation
64
firth twins
-canadian Olympians in cross country skiing -first female athletes to compete for Canada at winter Olympic Games
65
5 types of colonialism
-settler -exploitation -plantation -surrogate -internal

uni semester 1 (14 decks)

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