Kin 132 Respiratory System Flashcards
What is ventilation
gas exchange between the atmosphere and alveoli
What are the types of gas exchanges what are they
-external respiration: gas exchange between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries
-internal respiration: gas exchange between tissue capillaries and interstitial fluid/ tissue cells
what is gas transport
gas movement by pulmonary and systemic circulations
what is ventilation driven by
air pressure gradient: high to low pressure
-Breath in - inspiration: atmosphere (high) to lungs (low)
-Breath out - expiration: lungs (high to atmosphere (low)
-between breathes the pressure is equal
what do we need to get the pressure gradient
need to manipulate the pressure at the lung level to get pressure gradients no matter what atmospheric pressure is
what is boyles law
in a closed system at constant temperature pressure and volume are inversely proportional
-increasing volume = decrease pressure
how does boyle’s law affect respiration
change volume = change pressure = pressure gradient = ventilation
what are the 3 pressures involved in ventilation
-atmospheric pressure
-alveolar pressure (within alveoli)
-Interpleural pressure (inside intraplural space)
Is the intrapleural space higher or lower than the atmosphere?
it is always subatmospheric, however, it is variable
How does the intrapleural space work
it creates a pressure gradient
-pulls lung out - opposes lung elastic recoil
-pulls chest wall in - opposes chest wall elastic recoil
this allows the lung and chest wall to move together
what happens when your lung collapse
this is caused by removal of the pressure gradient in the intraplueral space
During inspiration what happens to your diaphragm and external intercostals and what percentage are they contributing to
Diapgrahm (75%): contracting down and flattening
External intercostals (25%): contraction outward and upward movement of the chest wall
