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Biology > Kidneys > Flashcards

Kidneys Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Ammonia

A

Toxic waste product of a metabolic reaction

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1
Q

Active trainsport

A

Transport of molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient
Requires energy

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2
Q

Aorta

A

Main artery supplying oxygenated blood to the body

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3
Q

Bladder

A

Muscular bag that stores urine

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4
Q

Bowman capsule

A

Place in kidneys where ultrafiltration takes place

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5
Q

Cortex

A

Darker outer layer of the kidney

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6
Q

Dialysis

A

Artificial removal of waste products from the blood when the kidneys fail

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7
Q

Glomerulus

A

Network of capillaries inside the bowman capsule

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8
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of a stable internal body condition despite changes in the environment

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9
Q

Immune suppressive drug

A

Medication taken to lower immune responses

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10
Q

Kidney

A

Organ producing urine

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11
Q

Kidney failure

A

Inability of the kidneys to excrete waste and function property

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12
Q

Kidney transplant

A

Operation in which a kidney is moved from a donor to a recipient

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13
Q

Liver

A

Organ which converts ammonia into urea

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14
Q

Medulla

A

Lighter middle layer of the kidney

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15
Q

Nephron

A

Filtration unit within the kidney

16
Q

Organ rejection

A

When the immune system attacks eg a donor kidney

17
Q

Osmoregulation

A

The control of the water and ion balance of the blood

18
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water from high to low concentration through semi-permeable membrane

19
Q

Pelvis

A

Central cavity of the kidney which collects urine

20
Q

Proximal convoluted tubule

A

Place in kidneys where selective transit piton takes place

21
Q

Renal artery

A

Brings urea in the blood to the kidneys

22
Q

Renal vein

A

Takes the cleaned blood away from the kidneys

23
Q

Selective reabsorption

A

I process by which useful molecules are transferred back into the blood

24
Q

Sphincter muscle

A

Organ that keeps the bladder closed

25
Q

Tissue type

A

Describes the antigens present on the surface of eg. The donor organ

26
Q

Ultrafiltration

A

Describes the removal of the small molecules from the blood in the Bowman’s capsule

27
Q

Urea

A

Waste product excreted in urine

28
Q

Ureter

A

Carries urine to the bladder

29
Q

Urethra

A

Carries urine out of the body

30
Q

Urine

A

Excretion of the product of the kidneys

31
Q

Vena cava

A

Main vein returning blood to the heart

Biology (10 decks)

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