Kidneys Flashcards
Ammonia
Toxic waste product of a metabolic reaction
Active trainsport
Transport of molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient
Requires energy
Aorta
Main artery supplying oxygenated blood to the body
Bladder
Muscular bag that stores urine
Bowman capsule
Place in kidneys where ultrafiltration takes place
Cortex
Darker outer layer of the kidney
Dialysis
Artificial removal of waste products from the blood when the kidneys fail
Glomerulus
Network of capillaries inside the bowman capsule
Homeostasis
Maintenance of a stable internal body condition despite changes in the environment
Immune suppressive drug
Medication taken to lower immune responses
Kidney
Organ producing urine
Kidney failure
Inability of the kidneys to excrete waste and function property
Kidney transplant
Operation in which a kidney is moved from a donor to a recipient
Liver
Organ which converts ammonia into urea
Medulla
Lighter middle layer of the kidney
Nephron
Filtration unit within the kidney
Organ rejection
When the immune system attacks eg a donor kidney
Osmoregulation
The control of the water and ion balance of the blood
Osmosis
Movement of water from high to low concentration through semi-permeable membrane
Pelvis
Central cavity of the kidney which collects urine
Proximal convoluted tubule
Place in kidneys where selective transit piton takes place
Renal artery
Brings urea in the blood to the kidneys
Renal vein
Takes the cleaned blood away from the kidneys
Selective reabsorption
I process by which useful molecules are transferred back into the blood
Sphincter muscle
Organ that keeps the bladder closed
Tissue type
Describes the antigens present on the surface of eg. The donor organ
Ultrafiltration
Describes the removal of the small molecules from the blood in the Bowman’s capsule
Urea
Waste product excreted in urine
Ureter
Carries urine to the bladder
Urethra
Carries urine out of the body
Urine
Excretion of the product of the kidneys
Vena cava
Main vein returning blood to the heart
