Enzymes And Digestion Flashcards
Catalyst
Something that makes a chemical reaction happen more quickly without itself being changed
Enzyme
A biological catalyst
Protein
One of the many substances found in food such as meat that is necessary for the body to grow
Substrate
A substance or surface that an organism grows and lives on and is supported by
Active site
A specific region of an enzyme where a substrate binds and catalysis takes place
Activation energy
The least amount of energy required to activate atoms or molecules to a state in which they can undergo a chemical reaction
Denaturation
The process in which proteins or nuclei acids lose the quaternary structure
Oesophagus
The tube in the body that takes food from the mouth to the stomach
Stomach
An organ where food is digested, or the soft front part of your body
Duodenum
The first part of the vowels just below the stomach
Gall bladder
Gall bladder a small organ in the body like a bag connected to the lover which stores bile
Bile duct
The tube from the liver and gall bladder through which bile passes into the small intestine
Pancreas
An organ in the body that produces insulin and substances that help to digest good so that it can be used by the body
Ileum
The last and narrowest part of the small intestine where substances from food are absorbed
Colon
The lower and bigger Hal of the bowels in which water in removed from solid waste
Peristalsis
The repeated movements made by the muscle walls in the digestive tract tightening and then relaxing, which push food and waste through the body
Digestion
The process by which your body digests food or your ability to digest food
Carbohydrase
Any enzyme that causes a chemical reaction that helps the body to digest carbohydrate
Amylase
An enzyme in saliva, plants, and I’m the pancreas that helps change starch into sugar
Maltase
An enzyme that helps maltose change to glucose
Protease
An enzyme which causes proteins to break into smaller pieces
Pepsin
An enzyme that breaks down protein in food in the stomach and is produced by glands there
Trypsin
A digestive enzyme which breaks down proteins in the small intestine, secreted by the pancreas
Peptidase
An enzyme which breaks down peptides into amino acids
Lipase
A pancreatic enzyme that catalysed the breakdown of fats to fatty acids and glycerol
Bile
A bitter alkaline fluid which aids digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder
Emulsification
The breakdown of large fat globules into smaller, uniformly distributed particles
Villi
Tiny, finger like projections that enable the small intestine to absorb nutrients from food
Microvilli
My of the minute hairlike structures projecting from the surface of certain types of epithelial cells
Lacteals
Of or resembling milk
Enzyme
Proteins that catalyse biochemical reactions
How enzymes work
- substrate binds to active site
- enzyme substrate forms complex shape
