kidneys

Question 1

1. What is the primary function of the kidneys?
   a) To produce hormones
   b) To filter waste and excess substances from the blood
   c) To store urine
   d) To digest food

Answer 1

b) To filter waste and excess substances from the blood

Question 2

2. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
   a) Glomerulus
   b) Nephron
   c) Renal pelvis
   d) Bowman’s capsule

Answer 2

b) Nephron

Question 3

Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for the filtration of blood?

a) Proximal convoluted tubule
b) Glomerulus
c) Loop of Henle
d) Distal convoluted tubule

Answer 3

b) Glomerulus

Question 4

Where does most of the reabsorption of water and nutrients occur in the nephron?
a) Loop of Henle
b) Distal convoluted tubule
c) Proximal convoluted tubule
d) Collecting duct

Answer 4

c) Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 5

What is the main function of the Loop of Henle?
a) Filtration of blood
b) Secretion of waste products
c) Reabsorption of water and salts to concentrate urine
d) Reabsorption of glucose

Answer 5

c) Reabsorption of water and salts to concentrate urine

Question 6

What hormone regulates the reabsorption of water in the collecting duct of the nephron?
a) Insulin
b) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
c) Aldosterone
d) Cortisol

Answer 6

b) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 7

What is the name of the fluid that enters the Bowman’s capsule during filtration?
a) Urine
b) Plasma
c) Filtrate
d) Lymph

Answer 7

c) Filtrate

Question 8

Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
a) Axon
b) Dendrites
c) Myelin sheath
d) Axon terminal

Answer 8

b) Dendrites

Question 9

What is the purpose of the myelin sheath around an axon?
a) To nourish the neuron
b) To speed up the transmission of electrical impulses
c) To store neurotransmitters
d) To detect sensory stimuli

Answer 9

b) To speed up the transmission of electrical impulses

Question 10

What is the junction between two neurons called, where chemical signals are transmitted?
a) Synapse
b) Node of Ranvier
c) Dendrite
d) Soma

Answer 10

a) Synapse