Digestion qz 1

Question 1

Humans, like all animals, use _________, which consists of these stages: (5)

Answer 1

holozoic nutrition

ingestion
digestion
absorption
assimilation
Egestion/defication

Question 2

ingestion -

Answer 2

taking large pieces of food into the body

Question 3

digestion -

Answer 3

breaking down the food by mechanical and chemical means

Question 4

absorption -

Answer 4

taking up the soluble digestion products into the body’s cells

Question 5

assimilation -

Answer 5

using the absorbed materials

Question 6

Egestion/defication -

Answer 6

eliminating the undigested material

Question 7

Egestion is elimination of material from the _________ and Excretion is elimination of substances from WITHIN the _______

Answer 7

body cavity

body cells.

Question 8

The alimentary canal (7)

Answer 8

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Anus

Question 9

Accessory organs– which includes: (5)

Answer 9

Teeth
Salivary glands
Liver
Pancreas
Gall bladder

Question 10

The salivary glands secrete saliva, which contains water to dissolve soluble substances:

Answer 10

mucus for lubrication
lysozymes to kill bacteria
amylase to digest starch.

Question 11

During swallowing the trachea is blocked off by the ______ to stop food entering the lungs.

Answer 11

epiglottis

Question 12

Humans have two sets of teeth:

Answer 12

Deciduous (baby or milk) teeth
(20 teeth are fully formed by age two)

Permanent teeth
(Replace deciduous teeth beginning between the ages of 6 to 12)
(A full set is 32 teeth)

Question 13

Pharynx (throat) Function

Answer 13

Serves as a passageway for air and food

Question 14

Food is propelled to the esophagus by two muscle layers:

Answer 14

Longitudinal inner layer
Circular outer layer

Question 15

This is a simple tube through the thorax, which connects the mouth to the rest of the gut.

Answer 15

Esophagus

Question 16

After the esophagus, food enters the stomach at the ___________________________.

Answer 16

cardio esophageal sphincter

Question 17

The mucosa of the stomach wall has no villi, but numerous gastric pits leading to gastric glands. These secrete gastric juice, which contains:

Answer 17

hydrochloric acid (pH 1) to kill bacteria

mucus to lubricate the food and to line the epithelium to protect it from the acid

enzymes pepsin and rennin to digest proteins.

Question 18

Mucous neck cells –

Gastric glands –

Chief cells –

Parietal cells –

Answer 18

produce a sticky alkaline mucus which neutralizes HCL

secrete gastric juice

produce protein-digesting enzymes (pepsinogens)

produce hydrochloric acid

Question 19

Muscular tube extending form the pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve- ______

3 subdivisions (dogs just itch)?

Answer 19

Small Intestine

Duodenum
Attached to the stomach

Jejunum
Attaches anteriorly to the duodenum

Ileum
Extends from jejunum to large intestine

Question 20

Substances are transported to the liver by the _________

Answer 20

hepatic portal vein or lymph