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Facts > Kidney-tubule issues &Nephritic/Nephrotic Dzs. > Flashcards

Kidney-tubule issues &Nephritic/Nephrotic Dzs. Flashcards

1
Q

Fanconi Syndroma MOA

A

increased excretion of glucose and other substances in PCT

“Fanconi is First”

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2
Q

Bartter Syndrome MOA

A

Like Loops

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3
Q

Gitelman Syndrome MOA

A

Like Thiazide

G after B (alphabetic)

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4
Q

Liddle Syndrome MOA

A

Like Hyper-Aldo. but without any Aldosterone in systm

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5
Q

Liddle Syndrome Tx.

A

Amiloride

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6
Q

K+-sparing diuretic use?

A

Hyper-Aldo. =Conn Syndrome

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7
Q

Syndrome of Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess MOA

A

Enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone is defective–>cortisol can act like Aldo.!

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8
Q

SAME Tx.

A

Give steroids so body stops making cortisol

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9
Q

Eating what causes SAME dz.

A

Licorice–also inhibits enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone

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10
Q

Renin/Aldo. level in Liddle syndrom?

A

Low both

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11
Q

RTA Type 4 due to:

A

Hypo-Aldo. –>hyper-K+

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12
Q

RTA Type 1 due to:

A

intercalated cells can’t secrete H+ (even though in DCT)

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13
Q

RTA Type 2 due to:

A

Can’t reabsorb Bicarb. in PCT

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14
Q

RTA associated with AI Dzs.

A

RTA Type 1

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15
Q

2 Conditions associated with RTA Type 4

A
  1. SLE

2. SCD

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16
Q

RTA associated with high urine pH?

A

RTA Type 1 (odd one)

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17
Q

RTA associated with hyper-K+?

A

Type 4

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18
Q

RTA associated with stones?

A

RTA Type 1=odd one

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19
Q

RTA associated with hyper-Ca2+?

A

RTA Type 1=odd one

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20
Q

4 Nephritic Syndromes (Mnemonic)

A

“RAAS”
Rapidly Progressive
IgA nephro-pathy (Berger)
Strep

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21
Q

5 Nephrotic Syndromes

A
  1. Focal Segmental GlomeruloSclerosis
  2. MCD
  3. Membranous
  4. Amyloidosis
  5. Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
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22
Q
  1. Nephritic & Nephrotic mixed syndromes
A
  1. Diffuse Proliferative GlomeruloNephritis

2. MembranoProliferative GlomeruloNephritis

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23
Q

Membranous glomerular disease indicates

A

thicken glomerular BM

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24
Q

Proliferative glomerular disease indicates

A

more cells of glomeruli

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25
What is a primary glomerular dz.?
MCD
26
Nephritic syndrome MOA?
GBM damage | =Inflammatory process
27
Nephrotic syndrome MOA?
podocyte (charge barrier) disruption--direct or from systemic dz.
28
4 Blood changes in Nephrotic syndrome?
1. Hyper-lipidemia 2. Hypo-Albumin 3. lose AT III=thromboembolism, clots 4. lose IgGs in urine=infxns.
29
How long after strep does acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis occur?
2-4 weeks
30
Lumpy bumpy gbm due to antibodies and C3
PSGN
31
Cola colored urine
PSGN
32
Decreased C3 nephritis
PSGN
33
Abs against alpha 3 chain of type 4 collagen in gbm
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis
34
Goodpasture is a type of which nephritis?
Rapidly progressive (crescentic)
35
Antibodies to gbm and alveolar bm
Goodpasture
36
3 types of rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis
1. Goodpasture syndrome 2. Wegener 3. Microscopic Polyangiitis
37
Other name for Wegener
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
38
Necrotizing granulomas in lungs, sinuses and glomerulonephritis
Wegener
39
PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA. Pauci immune=no Ig or complement deposits
Wegener
40
MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA . Also pauci immune Mnemonic
Microscopic Polyangitis M P P
41
GN due to SLE
Diffuse proliferative—common cause of death
42
Wire looping of glomerular capillaries (Mnemonic)
Diffuse proliferative (wire lupus)
43
Effacement of foot processes
Minimal change disease
44
Most common nephrotic syndrome in kids
MCD
45
MCD triggered by
IS activation
46
MC cause nephrotic syndrome in African Americans and Hispanics
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
47
Effacement of foot processes similar to MCD
FSG
48
5 Causes of FSG
1. HIV 2. Infxn. 3. SCD 4. Heroin 5. Obese
49
Spike and some due to immune complex deposits
Membranous nephropathy
50
Membranous nephropathy due to which 3 drugs?
1. NSAIDs 2. PCN 3. Gold
51
Name of amyloidosis stain
Congo red
52
Congo red stain of amyloidosis shows what color under polarized light?
Apple green birefringence bc amyloid deposit in mesangium
53
Most common organ where amyloid desposits
Kidneys
54
Eosinophilic nodules glomerulosclerosis
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
55
GBM changes in diabetic glomerulosclerosis
Sugar added causes thickening and increased permeability
56
IgA-based IC deposits in mesangium.
IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)
57
mesangium define
between the capillaries
58
Episodic gross hematuria that occurs concurrently with respiratory or GI tract infections
IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)
59
IgA is secreted by
mucosal linings
60
IgA nephropathy (Berger disease) occurs with what 2 kind of infxns.
respiratory or GI tract infections
61
Mutation in type IV collagen-->thinning and splitting of glomerular basement membrane.
Alport syndrome
62
Alport syndrome sxs. (mnemonic)
1. Eye problems (eg, retinopathy, lens dislocation), 2. glomerulonephritis, 3. sensorineural deafness; “can’t see, can’t pee, can’t hear a bee.”
63
“Basket-weave” appearance on EM.
Alport syndrome
64
subendothelial immune complex (IC) deposits with granular IF
Membrano- proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
65
“tram-track” appearance on PAS stain due to GBM splitting caused by mesangial ingrowth.
Membrano- proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
66
Nephritis assoc w. hepatitis B or C infection
Membrano- proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
67
nephritis assoc w. decr. serum C3 levels specifically
MPGN
68
henoch schonlein purpura 4 sxs.
1. Abdominal pain/bloody diarrhea 2. arthralgias 3. Purpuric skin lesions on butt/legs 4. IgA nephropathy =Berger dz

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