Kidney Function 2 Flashcards

1
Q

which hormone controls water in kidney?

A

ADH/vasopressin

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2
Q

Calcium almost entirely absorbed where?

A

proximal tubule

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3
Q

what hormones control calcium in distal tubule? 2

A

parathyroid

vitamin D3

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4
Q

where is phosphate reabsorbed?

A

80-90% proximal tubule

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5
Q

Na+ absorbed where?

A

proximal tubule

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6
Q

glucose is 100% absorbed where?

A

proximal tubule

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7
Q

where are proteins and AAs reabsorbed?

A

proximal tubule

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8
Q

how much creatinine is reabsorbed?

A

None!

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9
Q

Urea comes from what? Loose gauge of what?

A

breakdown of proteins

gauge for renal function

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10
Q

3 layers of osmolarity in kidney are?

A

outer
inner
pila/deep

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11
Q

What’s so good about concentration increasing as you go deeper into kidney?

A

enables body to respond to diverse situations

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12
Q
water reabsorbed?
70%
20%
7%
3%
A

70% in proximal tubule
20% thin ascending loop
7% distal tubule
3% collecting duct

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13
Q

Na+ absorbed how and where?

A

active transport

proximal tubule

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14
Q

Na+ reabsorbed, what else follows? where? how?

A

anions: Cl- and bicarb
transcellular/paracellular space
via electrochemical gradient

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15
Q

‘tight’ junctions in proximal tubule are water tight?

A

Nope, pretty leaky to water, Na+,

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16
Q

Na+ absorbed and anions, what else? how? why?

A

H20
via osmotic gradient
50/50 transcellular/paracellular

17
Q

H20 is absorbed in proximal tubules via osmotic gradient, what else is absorbed with it? 3 things

A

K+, Ca2+, urea because it’s dissolved in the H20 and diffuses

18
Q

___% of O2 consumed by kidneys?

19
Q

electrochemical gradient in proximal tubule is how many mV?

20
Q

in the late proximal tubule, why do you get Na+ leaking back into lumen?

A

Bicarb get absorbed preferentially over Cl- as anions try to follow Na+ initially
So build up of Cl-, and it sucks out the Na+ at end of proximal tubule

21
Q

at the end of distal proximal tubule there is a high concentration of what?

22
Q

What is reabsorbed in the thin ascending limb? how?

A

Na+ via passive diffusion through paracellular tight junctions

23
Q

frusemide targets what? where?

A

Na+, K+ 2Cl- cotransporter in loop of henle

24
Q

danger of frusemide?

A

Kypokalemia

25
water reabsorbed in thick ascending tubule?
Nope, tighter tight junctions
26
What happens to Na+ in thick ascending limb?
lots gets reabsorbed | 50/50 paracellular/active transport
27
in Thick ascending limb what transporter is now in the baso-latreal border instead of Na/HCO3?
Cl/HCO3 which encourages Na+ to stay in and not leak back out
28
What happens to Na+ in distal convoluted tubule?
almost all gets reabsorbed via transcellular route
29
Where do thiazides work? why not as powerful as frusemide?
NaCl cotransporter block in distal convoluted tubule, not as powerful cause only affecting 5% of fluid
30
What is ENAC? where is it?
epithelial sodium channel in collecting duct passive sodium in
31
what happens to K+ in CD?
passive out into lumen