Kidney Facts Flashcards
One-sided kidney atrophy is a mark of what disease?
Renal artery stenosis
- occurs in elderly with atherosclerosis
- young women with fibromuscular dysplasia —> string of beads sign
- get hypertension (increased renin from decreased RBF) and abdominal bruits
Stages of acute tubular necrosis
- Initiation stage: ischemic injury to renal tubules
- Maintenance stage: OLIGURIA —> HYPERkalemia, increased BUN, fluid overload
- Recovery phase: POLYURIA (high volume, hypotonic urine) —> HYPOkalemia, decreased Mg, Ca, and phosphate in serum
Lab findings in post-strep glomerulonephritis
- anti-streptolysin O antibodies
- elevated DNAse B titres
- decreased C3 and total complement levels (C4 usually normal because classical complement pathway not activated)
Acyclovir nephrotoxicity
- can crystalize if concentration in collecting duct exceeds solubility —> renal tubular damage
- can be prevented with hydration and slowing rate of IV infusion
Thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome - pentad of symptoms
- fever
- neurological symtoms
- renal failure
- anemia: hemolytic anemia with schistocytes
- thrombocytopenia
IL-2’s anti-cancer effect
activates T cells and natural killer cells that target cancer cells
Beta-blockers target which part of Renin-angiotensin pathway?
Blocks RENIN release
Overflow incontinence
Cannot feel full bladder and have incomplete voiding
Most common cause of unilateral fetal hydronephrosis
Inadequate canalization of ureteropelvic junction
Ureteric bud derivatives
Collecting tubules, collecting ducts, major and minor calyces, renal pelvis and ureters
Metanephric mesoderm derivatives
glomeruli, bowman’s space, proximal tubules, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubules
