Kidney

Question 0

What are the main functions of kidneys

Answer 0

Filter blood and removing waste fluid as urine

Question 1

Where are kidneys located

Answer 1

Posterior wall of abdominal cavity

Question 2

Def nephron

Answer 2

Functional unit of a kidney

Question 3

Filtration step

-component, what becomes what

Answer 3

Fluid filtered by glomerulus
Becomes nephric filtrate which contains:
Water, glucose, AA, salts, vitamin, urea

Question 4

Reabsorption step

-3 components, what gets reabsorbed in each

Answer 4

Reabsorbed into Blood

1. Proximal convoluted tubule: water, glucose, AA, vitamins, and other nutrients
2. Descending loop of Henle: water
3. Ascending loop of Henle: Na, K, Cl

Question 5

Secretion step

-components, what happens

Answer 5

1. Distal convoluted tubule: water reabsorbed

2. Collecting duct: waste such as urea is added to filtrate forming urine

Question 6

Where is posterior pituitary gland located

Answer 6

Attached to hypothalamus

Question 7

ADH

-where released, what it do, results

Answer 7

Antidiuretic hormone.
Released by posterior pituitary gland
Increases permeability of distal tubule and collecting duct to water
More water reabsorption conserving body water

Question 8

Describe the negative feedback control when you have a high water intake
-blood pressure, ADH, what increase and what decreases, how is EQLM restored

Answer 8

Increased BP
Pressure receptors in hypoth activated
Hypoth signals reduced ADH production
Reduced reabsorption of water, increased urine volume, decreasing blood pressure

Question 9

Diuretics

-examples, what they gon do

Answer 9

Caffeine and alcohol

Inhibit ADH production, more urine

Question 10

Diabetes insipidus

-cause, symptom

Answer 10

Destruction of ADH producing cells

Dramatic increase in urine output