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Human Biology 12 > Kidney > Flashcards

Kidney Flashcards

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1
Q

Cortex

A

Outer layer of the kidney

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2
Q

Medulla

A

Middle layer of the kidney

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3
Q

Pelvis

A

Section of the kidney where the filtrate gathers.

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4
Q

Nephron

A

smallest unit of the kidney where filtration occurs.

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5
Q

Ureter

A

tube that connects the kidney to the bladder

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6
Q

bladder

A

muscular organ that stores urine

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7
Q

Urethra

A

tube that connects the bladder to the outside

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8
Q

What is the medical term for kidney?

A

renal

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9
Q

glomerulus

A

twisted capillaries that filter out glucose, water, salts, urea from blood

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10
Q

afferent arteriole

A

the blood vessel that enters the glomerulus

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11
Q

efferent arteriole

A

the blood vessel that leaves the glomerulus

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12
Q

collecting duct

A

the tube in the kidney that collects filtrate from several nephrons

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13
Q

creatinine

A

a waste product from the muscles

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14
Q

deanimation

A

the removal of amino group

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15
Q

dialysis

A

the method of removing waste from the blood when kidney failure occurs,

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16
Q

distal convoluted tubule

A

the second set of convolutions of the kidney tubule.

it receives the forming urine after it has passed through the loop of Henle.

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17
Q

Proximal convoluted tubule

A

the first set of convolutions of the kidney tubule located between the glomerular capsule and the loop of Henle.

18
Q

excretion

A

removal of the wastes of metabolism.

19
Q

facultative reabsorption

A

the process whereby carrier proteins assist the movement of substances through the cell membrane

20
Q

glomerular capsule, Bowman’s capsule

A

the double walled cup-like structure at the end of each kidney tubule. It collects filtered water and other substances from the blood.

21
Q

glomerular filtration

A

the filtration of blood in the kidney.

22
Q

kidneys

A

the principal excretory organs of the human body.

They filter waste from the blood and regulate the balance of water and salts in the blood plasma

23
Q

liver

A

organ that is part of the excretory system

24
Q

loop of Henle

A

the U shaped section of the kidney tubule.

It plays a major role in the reabsorption of water and salts from the filtrate.

25
Q

Nephron

A

The functional unit of the kidney

26
Q

peritubular capillaries

A

the capillaries in the kidney that surround the convoluted tubules of the nephron, loop of Henle and the collecting duct.

27
Q

renal artery

A

the blood vessel that transports blood into the kidney.

28
Q

renal capsule

A

the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney.

29
Q

renal column

A

the extension of the renal cortex that divides the renal medulla into renal pyramids.

30
Q

renal corpuscle

A

the filtration structures of the nephron composed of the glomerulus and glomerular capsule.

31
Q

renal cortex

A

the outer part of the kidney

32
Q

renal hilum

A

a depression in the kidney where the blood vessels and the ureter enter.

33
Q

renal medulla

A

the inner part of the kidney

34
Q

renal pyramid

A

a section of the renal medulla

35
Q

renal tubule

A

the kidney tubule, it leads away from the glomerular capsule and empties into a collecting duct.

36
Q

selective reabsorption

A

the reabsorption of some substances.

37
Q

tubular secretion

A

the process whereby ions and drugs are secreted from the blood into the kidney tubule.

38
Q

ureter

A

the tube that leaves each kidney and drains into the urinary bladder

39
Q

uric acid

A

a breakdown product of the metabolism of purines from nucleic acids

40
Q

urine

A

the fluid produced by the kidneys that contains wastes and excess materials

Human Biology 12 (12 decks)

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