key words Flashcards
capillary blood, bright red in color and which is oxygenated blood.
Arterial blood
dark red in color, contains increased amount of carbon dioxide and which is non-oxygenated blood.
Venous blood
responsible for red color of blood which contains iron protein called globin (protein) and hematin (organic compound of iron)
Hemoglobin
found in Nitrates and Nitrites poisoning which is chocolate brown in color.
Methemoglobin
found in the presence of bacteria (clostridium perfringens) in severe constipation, enterogenous cyanosis and blood is lavender is color.
Sulfhemoglobin
excessive inhalation of gas from defective stoves and from automobiles which is cherry red color of blood.
Carboxyhemoglobin
hemoglobin that is combined with oxygen
that gives color to the arterial blood.
Oxyhemoglobin
hemoglobin that is combined with carbon dioxide that gives color to the venous blood.
Reduced hemoglobin
this contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen to various cells in the body. It is circular, biconcave discs or rounded edges.
Red blood cells( Erythrocytes)
this are masses of nucleated protoplasm. It defends the body from invading microorganisms. It also fights infection.
White blood cells( leucocytes)
They have a longer lifespan than many white blood cells and help to break down bacteria.
Monocytes
They create antibodies to fight against bacteria, viruses, and other potentially harmful invaders.
Lymphocytes
They kill and digest bacteria and fungi. They are the most numerous types of white blood cell and your first line of defense when infection strikes.
Neutrophils
These small cells seem to sound an alarm when infectious agents invade your blood. They secrete chemicals such as histamine, a marker of allergic disease, that help control the body’s immune response.
Basophils
They attack and kill parasites and cancer cells, and help with allergic responses.
Eosinophils
this are cells that are produced by the bone marrow and are necessary for proper clotting of blood. It is normally responsible for the retraction of blood clot.
Platelets(thrombocytes)
55% Plasma is the fluid or portion of blood where the cells are suspended.
liquid portion
the most abundant protein in the blood. It binds with many drugs.
Albumen
the important role in the immune mechanism of the body. The globins carry drugs as well as sex and thyroid hormones, lipids and iron.
Globulins
the yellowish fluids of the blood in which numerous blood corpuscles are suspended. A Straw – yellow liquid formed when blood to which an oxalate has been added to prevent clotting is allowed to stand.
Plasma
A straw – yellowish liquid formed when clotted blood is allowed to stand for sometimes and the blood contracts.
Serum
Methods of collecting blood
Capillary blood sample
Venous blood sample
Arterial blood sample
an extremely sensitive test that can be applied to minute stain
Benzidine test
For many years the most commonly used preliminary test for blood. Its use has generally been discontinued, as it is known carcinogen.
Benzidine test
Positive result of Benzidine test
Intense blue color
alternative test to Benzidine test. It can detect blood in a dilution of 1:80,000,000 parts
Phenolphthalein test
Positive result for phenolphthalein test
Rose color develops/deep pink/permanganate color
A fairly delicate test showing the presence of fresh blood in a solution of 1:50,000 dilutions. It may not react to very old stain.
Guaiacum test
Positive result for guaiacum test
Beautiful blue color that appears immediately.
This test is not as sensitive as the benzidine test.
Leucomalachite green test
Positive result for leucomalachite green test
Malachite green or bluish green
An important presumptive identification for blood. The reaction of luminal with blood results in the production of light rather than color.
Luminol test
known to destroy many important blood factors necessary for the forensic characterization of blood, so its use should be limited to seeking out blood invisible to the naked eye.
Luminol
Positive result for luminol test
Luminescence or emission of light.
refers to an enzyme that accelerates the oxidation of several classes of organic compounds
Peroxidase
puncture sites for Capillary blood sample
Ring finger
Ear lobes
Heal or Toe
Venous blood sample (enu)
Cephalic Vein
Medial Cephalic Vein
Basilic Vein
Jugular Vein
Arterial blood sample (enu)
Radial Artery
Brachial Artery
Femoral Artery
Carotid Artery
Kinds of blood
Arterial blood
Venous blood
Abnormal derivatives of HB
Methemoglobin
Sulfhemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin
Normal derivatives of Hemoglobin
Oxyhemoglobin
Reduced hemoglobin
kinds of white blood cells
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils
Preliminary test for blood
Benzidine test
Phenolphthalein test
Guaiacum test
Leucomalachite green test
Luminol test
positive result for Teicmann test
Dark brown rhombic crystal of haemin or haematin chloride arranged singly or in cluster.
Positive result for Acetone-Haemin test
Small dark, Diachronic Acicular Crystals of Acetone Haemin.
